1. Signaling Pathways
  2. Epigenetics
  3. MicroRNA

MicroRNA 

miRNA

微小RNA(miRNA)是一类天然存在的小型(约22个核苷酸长)非编码RNA,可调节转录后基因表达以控制细胞过程、发育、细胞分化和体内平衡。微小RNA对于胚胎、细胞和组织发育至关重要,可调节细胞分化、增殖和凋亡,因此在人类生殖中具有重要意义。同时,miRNA的异常表达或功能被发现与包括癌症在内的各种人类疾病的发生或发展密切相关。鉴于其在生理学和病理学中的重要作用,miRNA正在成为化学生物学研究(包括调节和检测)的新型生物分子靶点。

miRNA的生成涉及多个步骤。大多数 miRNA 都是通过经典生物合成途径产生的,该途径包括 RNA 聚合酶 II 转录以产生初级转录本 (pri-miRNA),以及微处理器复合物裂解以在细胞核中产生发夹结构前体 miRNA (pre-miRNA)。然后,pre-miRNA 被输出到细胞质中,在那里被 Dicer 酶裂解形成双链 RNA 双链。只有双链 RNA 双链中的一条单链形成成熟的 miRNA,并被整合到 RNA 诱导沉默复合物 (RISC) 中,该复合物引导 RISC 中的 Argonaute (AGO) 蛋白与 3' 非翻译区 (UTR) 结合,以抑制蛋白质翻译或促进 mRNA 降解。除了经典 miRNA 生物合成途径外,还存在非经典微处理器独立或 Dicer 独立的 miRNA 生物合成途径。尽管 miRNA 主要参与基因表达的下调,但也有 miRNA 促进基因表达的报道。此外,在特定细胞类型中,miRNA 与其靶标之间的关系并不总是一对一的。事实上,单个 miRNA 可能调节许多 mRNA 靶标,反之,单个 mRNA 靶标也可以受许多 miRNA 调节。

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a naturally occurring class of small (approximately 22 nucleotides long) non-coding RNAs that regulate post-transcriptional gene expression to control cellular processes, development, cell differentiation, and homeostasis. MicroRNAs are essential for embryo, cell, and tissue development, regulating cell differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis, hence their importance in human reproduction. Meanwhile, abnormal expression or function of miRNAs are found to be closely associated with the occurrence or development of various human diseases, including cancers. In light of their significant roles in physiology and pathology, miRNAs are emerging as novel biomolecular targets for chemical-biological studies, including regulation and detection.

Multiple steps are involved in the generation of miRNAs. Most miRNAs are produced by the canonical biogenesis pathway, which involves transcription by RNA polymerase II to make a primary transcript (pri-miRNA) and cleavage by the microprocessor complex to yield a hairpin precursor miRNA (pre-miRNA) in the nucleus. The pre-miRNA is then exported into the cytoplasm, where cleavage by the enzyme Dicer creates a double-stranded RNA duplex. Only a single strand from the double-stranded RNA duplex forms the mature miRNA and is incorporated into the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC), which guides the binding of Argonaute (AGO) proteins in the RISC to the 3’untranslated region (UTR) to either repress protein translation or promote mRNA degradation. In addition to canonical miRNA biogenesis pathways, non-canonical microprocessor-independent or Dicer-independent miRNA biogenesis pathways also exist. Despite miRNAs being mostly involved in the down-regulation of gene expression, there are reports of miRNAs promoting gene expression. In addition, relationships between miRNAs and their targets are not always one-to-one in a specific cell type. In fact, a single miRNA may regulate many mRNA targets, and conversely, a single mRNA target also can be regulated by many miRNAs.

Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-RI02551
    hsa-miR-9985 inhibitor 99.61%
    hsa-miR-9985 inhibitor 是一种全链经过甲氧基修饰的成熟miRNA的互补单链。miRNA inhibitor通过特异性结合成熟miRNA,阻止miRNA与其靶基因的互补配对,从而抑制miRNA的功能,可用于miRNA 功能缺失性(loss-of-function)研究。
    hsa-miR-9985 inhibitor
    hsa-miR-9985 inhibitor
  • HY-RI00003
    hsa-let-7a-5p inhibitor 98.88%
    hsa-let-7a-5p inhibitor 是一种全链经过甲氧基修饰的成熟miRNA的互补单链。miRNA inhibitor通过特异性结合成熟miRNA,阻止miRNA与其靶基因的互补配对,从而抑制miRNA的功能,可用于miRNA 功能缺失性(loss-of-function)研究。
    hsa-let-7a-5p inhibitor
    hsa-let-7a-5p inhibitor
  • HY-RI00694
    hsa-miR-335-3p inhibitor
    hsa-miR-335-3p inhibitor 是一种全链经过甲氧基修饰的成熟miRNA的互补单链。miRNA inhibitor通过特异性结合成熟miRNA,阻止miRNA与其靶基因的互补配对,从而抑制miRNA的功能,可用于miRNA 功能缺失性(loss-of-function)研究。
    hsa-miR-335-3p inhibitor
    hsa-miR-335-3p inhibitor
  • HY-R00324
    hsa-miR-16-5p mimic

    hsa-miR-16-5p 模拟物

    hsa-miR-16-5p mimic 是一种化学合成的miRNA模拟物,能模拟内源性miRNA,上调miRNA活性,用于功能获得性(gain-of-function)研究。
    hsa-miR-16-5p mimic
    hsa-miR-16-5p mimic
  • HY-RI03338
    mmu-miR-6240 inhibitor
    mmu-miR-6240 inhibitor 是一种全链经过甲氧基修饰的成熟miRNA的互补单链。miRNA inhibitor通过特异性结合成熟miRNA,阻止miRNA与其靶基因的互补配对,从而抑制miRNA的功能,可用于miRNA 功能缺失性(loss-of-function)研究。
    mmu-miR-6240 inhibitor
    mmu-miR-6240 inhibitor
  • HY-RI00429
    hsa-miR-210-3p inhibitor
    hsa-miR-210-3p inhibitor 是一种全链经过甲氧基修饰的成熟miRNA的互补单链。miRNA inhibitor通过特异性结合成熟miRNA,阻止miRNA与其靶基因的互补配对,从而抑制miRNA的功能,可用于miRNA 功能缺失性(loss-of-function)研究。
    hsa-miR-210-3p inhibitor
    hsa-miR-210-3p inhibitor
  • HY-R02327
    hsa-miR-6883-5p mimic

    hsa-miR-6883-5p 模拟物

    hsa-miR-6883-5p mimic 是一种化学合成的miRNA模拟物,能模拟内源性miRNA,上调miRNA活性,用于功能获得性(gain-of-function)研究。
    hsa-miR-6883-5p mimic
    hsa-miR-6883-5p mimic
  • HY-R01614
    hsa-miR-525-5p mimic

    hsa-miR-525-5p 模拟物

    hsa-miR-525-5p mimic 是一种化学合成的miRNA模拟物,能模拟内源性miRNA,上调miRNA活性,用于功能获得性(gain-of-function)研究。
    hsa-miR-525-5p mimic
    hsa-miR-525-5p mimic
  • HY-R01340
    hsa-miR-4736 mimic

    hsa-miR-4736 模拟物

    hsa-miR-4736 mimic 是一种化学合成的miRNA模拟物,能模拟内源性miRNA,上调miRNA活性,用于功能获得性(gain-of-function)研究。
    hsa-miR-4736 mimic
    hsa-miR-4736 mimic
  • HY-R02402
    hsa-miR-744-5p mimic

    hsa-miR-744-5p 模拟物

    hsa-miR-744-5p mimic 是一种化学合成的miRNA模拟物,能模拟内源性miRNA,上调miRNA活性,用于功能获得性(gain-of-function)研究。
    hsa-miR-744-5p mimic
    hsa-miR-744-5p mimic
  • HY-R01914
    hsa-miR-640 mimic

    hsa-miR-640 模拟物

    98.13%
    hsa-miR-640 mimic 是一种化学合成的miRNA模拟物,能模拟内源性miRNA,上调miRNA活性,用于功能获得性(gain-of-function)研究。
    hsa-miR-640 mimic
    hsa-miR-640 mimic
  • HY-R02513
    hsa-miR-92a-3p mimic

    hsa-miR-92a-3p 模拟物

    hsa-miR-92a-3p mimic 是一种化学合成的miRNA模拟物,能模拟内源性miRNA,上调miRNA活性,用于功能获得性(gain-of-function)研究。
    hsa-miR-92a-3p mimic
    hsa-miR-92a-3p mimic
  • HY-RI00053
    hsa-miR-106a-3p inhibitor 98.75%
    hsa-miR-106a-3p inhibitor 是一种全链经过甲氧基修饰的成熟miRNA的互补单链。miRNA inhibitor通过特异性结合成熟miRNA,阻止miRNA与其靶基因的互补配对,从而抑制miRNA的功能,可用于miRNA 功能缺失性(loss-of-function)研究。
    hsa-miR-106a-3p inhibitor
    hsa-miR-106a-3p inhibitor
  • HY-R01169
    hsa-miR-454-3p mimic

    hsa-miR-454-3p 模拟物

    hsa-miR-454-3p mimic 是一种化学合成的miRNA模拟物,能模拟内源性miRNA,上调miRNA活性,用于功能获得性(gain-of-function)研究。
    hsa-miR-454-3p mimic
    hsa-miR-454-3p mimic
  • HY-R03126
    mmu-miR-3962 mimic

    mmu-miR-3962 模拟物

    mmu-miR-3962 mimic 是一种化学合成的miRNA模拟物,能模拟内源性miRNA,上调miRNA活性,用于功能获得性(gain-of-function)研究。
    mmu-miR-3962 mimic
    mmu-miR-3962 mimic
  • HY-R00917
    hsa-miR-409-3p mimic

    hsa-miR-409-3p 模拟物

    hsa-miR-409-3p mimic 是一种化学合成的miRNA模拟物,能模拟内源性miRNA,上调miRNA活性,用于功能获得性(gain-of-function)研究。
    hsa-miR-409-3p mimic
    hsa-miR-409-3p mimic
  • HY-RI00181A
    hsa-miR-1269a antagomir ≥99.0%
    hsa-miR-1269a antagomir 是一种经过特殊化学修饰的成熟miRNA的互补单链,全链进行甲氧基修饰,在5'端和3'端分别有2个和4个硫代骨架修饰,并在3'端连接有高亲和性胆固醇修饰。miRNA antagomir通过特异性结合成熟miRNA,阻止miRNA与其靶基因的互补配对,从而抑制miRNA的功能。相比于miRNA inhibitor,miRNA antagomir在动物实验中具有更高的稳定性和抑制效果,更易通过细胞膜、组织间隙而富集于靶细胞。
    hsa-miR-1269a antagomir
    hsa-miR-1269a antagomir
  • HY-R00057
    hsa-miR-107 mimic

    hsa-miR-107 模拟物

    hsa-miR-107 mimic 是一种化学合成的miRNA模拟物,能模拟内源性miRNA,上调miRNA活性,用于功能获得性(gain-of-function)研究。
    hsa-miR-107 mimic
    hsa-miR-107 mimic
  • HY-R00673
    hsa-miR-320b mimic

    hsa-miR-320b 模拟物

    hsa-miR-320b mimic 是一种化学合成的miRNA模拟物,能模拟内源性miRNA,上调miRNA活性,用于功能获得性(gain-of-function)研究。
    hsa-miR-320b mimic
    hsa-miR-320b mimic
  • HY-R00543
    hsa-miR-30e-3p mimic

    hsa-miR-30e-3p 模拟物

    hsa-miR-30e-3p mimic 是一种化学合成的miRNA模拟物,能模拟内源性miRNA,上调miRNA活性,用于功能获得性(gain-of-function)研究。
    hsa-miR-30e-3p mimic
    hsa-miR-30e-3p mimic
目录号 产品名 / 同用名 应用 反应物种