1. GPCR/G Protein Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
  2. Adenosine Receptor Endogenous Metabolite
  3. Theobromine

Theobromine  (Synonyms: 可可碱; 3,7-Dimethylxanthine)

目录号: HY-N0138 纯度: 99.78%
COA 产品使用指南

Theobromine 是在可可豆中发现的甲基黄嘌呤,可以抑制腺苷受体 A1 (AR1) 信号传导。

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Theobromine Chemical Structure

Theobromine Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 83-67-0

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Other Forms of Theobromine:

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MCE 顾客使用本产品发表的 1 篇科研文献

  • 生物活性

  • 实验参考方法

  • 纯度 & 产品资料

  • 参考文献

生物活性

Theobromine is a methylxanthine found in cacao beans which can inhibit adenosine receptor A1 (AR1) signaling.

IC50 & Target

AR1[1]

体外研究
(In Vitro)

Theobromine, at concentrations above 25 μM, decreases lipid accumulation in these cells. Cell viability is not affected by Theobromine. Theobromine, at concentrations above 25 μM, suppresses protein expression of PPARγ, C/EBPα and adipogenic genes. The mRNA levels of these genes are also decreased by Theobromine[1].

MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

体内研究
(In Vivo)

Body weights are lower in the Theobromine group than in the vehicle group. In addition, Theobromine suppresses gains in weight of epididymal and perirenal adipose tissues. The mean adipocyte area is smaller in the Theobromine group than in the vehicle group[1]. Theobromine group shows lower counts than the other groups when considering the number of bacteria per fecal weight (p=0.021 and p=0.055 compare to the reference (RF) and the cocoa (CC) groups, respectively). The Theobromine diet leads to higher pH values than those found after the RF and CC diets. Fecal concentrations of lactic acid are not significantly affected by the experimental diets (4.26±1.54 mM in RF group; 1.96±0.41 mM in CC group; 2.69±0.73 mM in Theobromine group)[2].

MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Clinical Trial
分子量

180.16

Formula

C7H8N4O2

CAS 号
性状

固体

颜色

White to off-white

结构分类
初始来源
运输条件

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

储存方式
Powder -20°C 3 years
4°C 2 years
In solvent -80°C 2 years
-20°C 1 year
溶解性数据
In Vitro: 

DMSO 中的溶解度 : 1.1 mg/mL (6.11 mM; 超声助溶; 吸湿的 DMSO 对产品的溶解度有显著影响,请使用新开封的 DMSO)

H2O 中的溶解度 : < 0.1 mg/mL (insoluble)

配制储备液
浓度 溶剂体积 质量 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 5.5506 mL 27.7531 mL 55.5062 mL
5 mM 1.1101 mL 5.5506 mL 11.1012 mL
查看完整储备液配制表

* 请根据产品在不同溶剂中的溶解度选择合适的溶剂配制储备液;一旦配成溶液,请分装保存,避免反复冻融造成的产品失效
储备液的保存方式和期限:-80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year。-80°C储存时,请在2年内使用, -20°C储存时,请在1年内使用。

  • 摩尔计算器

  • 稀释计算器

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

质量
=
浓度
×
体积
×
分子量 *

Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

浓度 (start)

C1

×
体积 (start)

V1

=
浓度 (final)

C2

×
体积 (final)

V2

动物溶解方案计算器
请输入动物实验的基本信息:

给药剂量

mg/kg

动物的平均体重

g

每只动物的给药体积

μL

动物数量

由于实验过程有损耗,建议您多配一只动物的量
计算结果
工作液所需浓度 : mg/mL
纯度 & 产品资料
参考文献
Kinase Assay
[1]

3T3-L1 preadipocytes are pre-incubated with MG132 (10 μM) for 30 min, followed by incubation with IBMX in the presence or absence of Theobromine (25 μM) for 8 h. The cells are lysed in denaturing cell extraction buffer (50 mM Tris-HCl, pH 7.5, containing 70 mM β-mercaptoethanol and 2% SDS) at 95°C for 10 min. The cell lysates are diluted 20 fold with dilution buffer (20 mM Tris-HCl, pH 7.5, containing 150 mM NaCl, 1 mM EDTA, 1mM EGTA, 1% TritonX-100, 2.5 mM sodium pyrophosphate and protease inhibitor cocktail) and centrifuged at 20,000 g for 30 s. The supernatant is incubated with rabbit polyclonal anti-C/EBPβ IgG, anti-FLAG IgG or control IgG at 4°C overnight, followed by incubation with 30 μL protein G-Sepharose resin at 4°C for 1 h. The resin is washed with lysis buffer three times and proteins bound to the resin are separated by SDS-PAGE and analyzed by western blotting[1].

MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Administration
[2]

Lewis rats (3 week old) are used in this study. The rats are randomly distributed into three dietary groups (n=7 per group): the reference (RF) group ingested standard diet AIN-93M, the cocoa (CC) group ingested a standard diet with 10% of natural Forastero cocoa containing 0.25% Theobromine, and the Theobromine (TB) group ingested a standard diet including 0.25% of Theobromine, i.e. the content of Theobromine presents in the CC diet[2].

MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

参考文献

完整储备液配制表

* 请根据产品在不同溶剂中的溶解度选择合适的溶剂配制储备液;一旦配成溶液,请分装保存,避免反复冻融造成的产品失效
储备液的保存方式和期限:-80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year。-80°C储存时,请在2年内使用, -20°C储存时,请在1年内使用。

可选溶剂 浓度 溶剂体积 质量 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
DMSO 1 mM 5.5506 mL 27.7531 mL 55.5062 mL 138.7655 mL
5 mM 1.1101 mL 5.5506 mL 11.1012 mL 27.7531 mL
Help & FAQs
  • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

    Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

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产品名称:
Theobromine
目录号:
HY-N0138
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