1. Academic Validation
  2. The role of endothelin-1 and endothelin receptor antagonists in inflammatory response and sepsis

The role of endothelin-1 and endothelin receptor antagonists in inflammatory response and sepsis

  • Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz). 2015 Feb;63(1):41-52. doi: 10.1007/s00005-014-0310-1.
Agata Kowalczyk 1 Paulina Kleniewska Michal Kolodziejczyk Beata Skibska Anna Goraca
Affiliations

Affiliation

  • 1 Chair of Experimental and Clinical Physiology, Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Medical University of Lodz, Mazowiecka 6/8, 92-215, Lodz, Poland, akkowalczyk@o2.pl.
Abstract

Endothelin-1 (ET-1) is a potent endogenous vasoconstrictor, mainly secreted by endothelial cells. It acts through two types of receptors: ETA and ETB. Apart from a vasoconstrictive action, ET-1 causes fibrosis of the vascular cells and stimulates production of Reactive Oxygen Species. It is claimed that ET-1 induces proinflammatory mechanisms, increasing superoxide anion production and cytokine secretion. A recent study has shown that ET-1 is involved in the activation of transcription factors such as NF-κB and expression of proinflammatory cytokines including TNF-α, IL-1, and IL-6. It has been also indicated that during endotoxaemia, the plasma level of ET-1 is increased in various animal species. Some authors indicate a clear correlation between endothelin plasma level and morbidity/mortality rate in septic patients. These pathological effects of ET-1 may be abrogated at least partly by Endothelin Receptor blockade. ET-1 receptor antagonists may be useful for prevention of various vascular diseases. This review summarises the current knowledge regarding Endothelin Receptor antagonists and the role of ET-1 in sepsis and inflammation.

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