1. Academic Validation
  2. Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) exhibit immune toxicity to crucian carp (Carassius carassius) by neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) release and oxidative stress

Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) exhibit immune toxicity to crucian carp (Carassius carassius) by neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) release and oxidative stress

  • Fish Shellfish Immunol. 2022 Oct;129:22-29. doi: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.07.025.
Hongrong Hong 1 Ziyi Liu 2 Shuangqiu Li 2 Di Wu 2 Liqiang Jiang 1 Peixuan Li 1 Zhikai Wu 1 Jingnan Xu 1 Aimin Jiang 2 Yong Zhang 2 Zhengkai Wei 3 Zhengtao Yang 4
Affiliations

Affiliations

  • 1 College of Life Sciences and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, 528225, Guangdong Province, PR China.
  • 2 College of Life Sciences and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, 528225, Guangdong Province, PR China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, Jilin province, PR China.
  • 3 College of Life Sciences and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, 528225, Guangdong Province, PR China. Electronic address: wei_zhengkai@126.com.
  • 4 College of Life Sciences and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, 528225, Guangdong Province, PR China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, Jilin province, PR China. Electronic address: yangzhengtao01@sina.com.
Abstract

Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) are widely used in sunscreens, cosmetics, paint, construction Materials, and other products. ZnO-NPs released into the environment can harm aquatic creatures and pose a health risk to humans through the food chain. ZnO-NPs are toxic to fish, but there are few reports on its immunotoxicity on crucian carp (Carassius carassius). In this study, ZnO-NPs increased the biochemical indexes of the liver in serum, including aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT). In histopathological observation, many inflammatory cells were filled in the liver's central vein stimulated by ZnO-NPs. Furthermore, ZnO-NPs could increase malondialdehyde (MDA) level, lessen superoxide dismutase (SOD) level, and elevate the level of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). However, deoxyribonuclease I (DNase I) alleviated all biochemical indexes and histopathological changes. Immunofluorescence in vitro confirmed that NETs were composed of citrullinated histone 3, myeloperoxidase, and neutrophil Elastase. ZnO-NPs-increased NETs were dependent on Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH)-oxidase and were also related to partial processes of glycolysis. Our study confirms that ZnO-NPS has a toxic effect on the liver of crucian carp. DNase I can prevent liver damage caused by ZnO-NPs, which provides a new insight into the immunotoxicity of ZnO-NPs to fish.

Keywords

Deoxyribonuclease I; Glycolysis; Immunotoxicity; Liver injury; Zinc oxide nanoparticles.

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