1. GPCR/G Protein Neuronal Signaling Apoptosis
  2. Dopamine Receptor Apoptosis
  3. MPTP

MPTP (1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine) 是可透过血脑屏障的多巴胺 (dopamine) 神经毒素,MPTP 可用于诱导帕金森综合症模型。MPTP 是 MPP+ 的前体,可以诱导凋亡 (apoptosis)。

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MPTP Chemical Structure

MPTP Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 28289-54-5

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MPTP 的其他形式现货产品:

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MCE 顾客使用本产品发表的 58 篇科研文献

WB
IF

    MPTP purchased from MCE. Usage Cited in: Brain Res. 2019 Jul 15;1715:203-212.  [Abstract]

    Immunofluorescence for TH. The intranigral Apelin-13 injection significantly inhibits MPTP-induced the neurodegeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the SNpc.

    MPTP purchased from MCE. Usage Cited in: Brain Res. 2016 Jul 1;1642:546-552.  [Abstract]

    RNA 5hmC decreases in a MPTP-induced Parkinson's disease mouse model. MPTP (i.p. 60 mg/kg) is injected to induce Parkinson's disease model in mice. At 24 h after last MPTP injection, open field test is performed. After behavioral tests, the hippocampus (Hipo), the substantia nigra (SN), the striatum (Str), and the cortex (Ctx) are collected and total RNA is extracted. Total 100 ng RNA is used for dot blot analysis to detect 5hmC abundance in RNA samples from different brain regions. Methylene bl
    • 生物活性

    • 实验参考方法

    • 纯度 & 产品资料

    • 参考文献

    生物活性

    MPTP (1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine) is a brain penetrant dopamine neurotoxin. MPTP can be used to induce Parkinson’s Disease model. MPTP, a precusor of MPP+, induces apoptosis[1][2][3].

    体外研究
    (In Vitro)

    用 50 mM 4-苯基吡啶预处理,在小鼠膈神经-膈肌中,将 MPTP 的 IC50 (50% 抑制抽搐振幅的浓度) 值从 53 降低至 18 mM,将 d-tubocurarine 的 IC50 从 0.7 降低至 0.3 mM[2]

    MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

    体内研究
    (In Vivo)

    MPTP 可用于动物建模,构建帕金森综合症模型。MPTP 可复现自然发生的神经变性,可用于研究多巴胺能神经元神经变性,线粒体功能障碍和神经炎症。MPTP 在注射后很快被代谢为 MPP+,而 MPP+ 在羊体内(血清)的半衰期约为 6 天。

    诱导帕金森模型[4][5][6][7]
    致病原理
    MPTP 可以自由通过血脑屏障进入大脑,在大脑内,MPTP 被星形胶质细胞中的单胺氧化酶B (MAO-B) 代谢转化为 MPP+,这是其活性、有毒性的形式。MPP+ 被多巴胺神经元通过多巴胺转运体 (DAT) 摄取,阻断线粒体电子传递链中的复合体 I (Complex I),引发氧化应激和线粒体破裂,最后导致神经元凋亡。在帕金森病中,主要是多巴胺产生的部位“黑质-纹状体系统”的黑质部分神经元丧失导致病情。由于 (MPTP) 的毒性作用,会导致黑质中的多巴胺神经元死亡,从而诱发出类似帕金森病的症状。
    具体造模方法:
    小鼠:C57BL/6 • 雄性 • 8-12 周龄 (处理:2 周), 高龄小鼠会更易敏感。
    给药方式:
    Acute model:14-20 mg/kg • 腹腔注射 • 每天 4 次,间隔两小时
    Sub-acute model:20-30 mg/kg • 腹腔注射 • 每天一次,连续 5 天
    Note
    1. 注射后,肉眼可以注意观察小鼠是否有活动性减弱、走路踉跄,抽搐、炸毛,排尿变多等表现,这种行为可能可以持续 24-48 小时,此后小鼠表现基本正常。
    2. MPTP 通常以 MPTP 盐酸盐的形式售卖。 MPTP 盐酸盐分子量为209.7。 因此,在制备注射液时建议考虑到盐酸盐 (HCl)的存在。HCl 的分子量为 35.4,占 MPTP 的 17%。 因此,如果要制备 20 mg/kg 剂量的 MPTP,则 MPTP 盐酸盐给药剂量为 20 mg kg* 1.17% = 23.4 mg/kg。
    3. 如果在 1 天内进行多次注射,最好交替进行两侧注射。如果每天注射,应保证在同一时间点。每次注射前均需给小鼠称重,调整给药体积。
    4. 造模小鼠不一定会出现帕金森病行为缺陷,小鼠个体差异性也较大,造模成功率一般难达 100%。因此 MPTP 小鼠研究中要监测与神经胶质增生相关的黑质纹状体损伤
    5. 药物剂量高/小鼠体重小于 22 g/不同批次药物混用/小鼠没有提前适应/动物房太冷 均有可能会导致小鼠死亡,每组动物数目建议增大,必要时根据预实验情况调整剂量。
    造模成功指标
    1) 黑质纹状体损伤: 造模成功后黑质和纹状体区域酪氨酸羟化酶 (Tyrosine hydroxylase) 减少 (IHC, IF, WB 等方法都可以);
    2) 其他指标:大脑神经递质 (DA, DOPAC, 5-HT, HVA, etc.) 减少 (可通过HPLC 检测);
    3) 黑质纹状体小胶质细胞 (IBA1+ cells) 和星形胶质细胞 (GFAP+ cells) 激活, 黑质区 α-syn 聚集体数量增加。
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    MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

    分子量

    173.25

    Formula

    C12H15N

    CAS 号
    运输条件

    Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

    储存方式

    Please store the product under the recommended conditions in the Certificate of Analysis.

    纯度 & 产品资料
    参考文献
    Animal Administration
    [3]

    For the preparation of the LPS rat model and the MPTP mouse model, the treatments of the animals are performed. Briefly, adult rats receive unilateral injections of LPS (0.5 μL of 10 μg/μL diluted in 0.9% saline) into the medial forebrain bundle (MFB) at the following coordinates, AP-4.2 mm, L 1.5 mm, and V 7.8 mm, and into the contralateral side with the same volume of 0.9% saline. Adult mice are administered intraperitoneal injections of MPTP of 25 mg/kg per day for five continuous days, and the same volume of saline is injected as a control. All the animals are sacrificed at week 1, 2, 3, or 4 after the LPS or MPTP injections. The brain samples are collected for the subsequent immunohistochemistry and western blot experiments.

    MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

    参考文献
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