Hardwickiic acid  (Synonyms: (-)-Hardwickiic acid; (-)-Hardwikiic acid)

Hardwickiic acid ((-)-Hardwickiic acid) is a diterpenoid compound. Hardwickiic acid can block tetrodotoxin-sensitive voltage-dependent sodium channels and possesses multiple activities such as insecticidal, antinociceptive, and neurotransmitter release-regulating effects. Hardwickiic acid can be used in the study of neurological diseases^[1][2][3].

Hardwickiic acid (0-100 nM; 90 s) 在小鼠海马突触体中促进了 K⁺ 诱发的 [³H] 去甲肾上腺素溢出^[1]。
Hardwickiic acid (5 ppm; 24 h) 在成年雌性蚜虫 Aphis craccivora 导致了 62% 的死亡率^[2]。
Hardwickiic acid (20 μM) 在大鼠背根神经节神经元中抑制了河豚毒素敏感的电压门控钠通道^[3]。

MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Hardwickiic acid (2 μg/5 μL; 鞘内注射; 单剂量) 在 HIV-1 gp120 诱导的感觉神经病变大鼠模型和 Paclitaxel (HY-B0015) 诱导的周围神经病变大鼠模型中均具有抗伤害活性^[3]。

MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

316.43

C₂₀H₂₈O₃

1782-65-6

固体

White to off-white

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

• [1]. Pittaluga A, et al. Effects of the neoclerodane Hardwickiic acid on the presynaptic opioid receptors which modulate noradrenaline and dopamine release in mouse central nervous system. Neurochem Int. 2013 Mar;62(4):354-9.  [Content Brief]

  [2]. Bandara BM, et al. Isolation and Insecticidal Activity of (-)-Hardwickiic Acid from Croton aromaticus. Planta Med. 1987 Dec;53(6):575.  [Content Brief]

  [3]. Cai S, et al. (-)-Hardwickiic Acid and Hautriwaic Acid Induce Antinociception via Blockade of Tetrodotoxin-Sensitive Voltage-Dependent Sodium Channels. ACS Chem Neurosci. 2019 Mar 20;10(3):1716-1728.  [Content Brief]