2. Academic Validation
  3. Anti-Tumor Activity vs. Normal Cell Toxicity: Therapeutic Potential of the Bromotyrosines Aerothionin and Homoaerothionin In Vitro

Anti-Tumor Activity vs. Normal Cell Toxicity: Therapeutic Potential of the Bromotyrosines Aerothionin and Homoaerothionin In Vitro

  • Mar Drugs. 2020 May 1;18(5):236. doi: 10.3390/md18050236.
Antje Drechsel 1,  Jana Helm 2,  Hermann Ehrlich 3 4,  Snezana Pantovic 5,  Stefan R Bornstein 2 6,  Nicole Bechmann 1 2 7 8
Affiliations

Affiliations

  • 1 Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany.
  • 2 Department of Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany.
  • 3 Institute of Electronics and Sensor Materials, TU Bergakademie Freiberg, Gustav-Zeuner str. 3, 09599 Freiberg, Germany.
  • 4 Center for Advanced Technology, Adam Mickiewicz University, 61614 Poznan, Poland.
  • 5 Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montenegro, Kruševac bb, 81000 Podgorica, Montenegro.
  • 6 Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 105, 01307 Dresden, Germany.
  • 7 Department of Experimental Diabetology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany.
  • 8 German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 München-Neuherberg, Germany.
PMID: 32369901 DOI: 10.3390/md18050236
Abstract

Novel strategies to treat Cancer effectively without adverse effects on the surrounding normal tissue are urgently needed. Marine sponges provide a natural and renewable source of promising anti-tumor agents. Here, we investigated the anti-tumor activity of Aerothionin and Homoaerothionin, two bromotyrosines isolated from the marine demosponge Aplysina cavernicola, on two mouse pheochromocytoma cells, MPC and MTT. To determine the therapeutic window of these metabolites, we furthermore explored their cytotoxicity on cells of the normal tissue. Both metabolites diminished the viability of the pheochromocytoma cell lines significantly from a concentration of 25 µM under normoxic and hypoxic conditions. Treatment of MPC cells leads moreover to a reduction in the number of proliferating cells. To confirm the anti-tumor activity of these bromotyrosines, 3D-pheochromocytoma cell spheroids were treated with 10 µM of either Aerothionin or Homoaerothionin, resulting in a significant reduction or even complete inhibition of the spheroid growth. Both metabolites reduced viability of normal endothelial cells to a comparable extent at higher micromolar concentration, while the viability of fibroblasts was increased. Our in vitro results show promise for the application of Aerothionin and Homoaerothionin as anti-tumor agents against pheochromocytomas and suggest acceptable toxicity on normal tissue cells.

Keywords

Aplysina cavernicola; HUVEC; fibroblasts; fractionated treatment; marine sponges; normal tissue toxicity; pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma; spheroids; therapeutic index.

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