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  2. GLP-1R activation ameliorated novel-object recognition memory dysfunction via regulating hippocampal AMPK/NF-κB pathway in neuropathic pain mice

GLP-1R activation ameliorated novel-object recognition memory dysfunction via regulating hippocampal AMPK/NF-κB pathway in neuropathic pain mice

  • Neurobiol Learn Mem. 2021 Jul;182:107463. doi: 10.1016/j.nlm.2021.107463.
Long-Qing Zhang 1 Wen Zhang 1 Ting Li 1 Ting Yang 1 Xiaoman Yuan 1 Yaqun Zhou 1 Qian Zou 2 Hui Yang 1 Feng Gao 1 YuKe Tian 1 Wei Mei 1 Xue-Bi Tian 3
Affiliations

Affiliations

  • 1 Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
  • 2 Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
  • 3 Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China. Electronic address: tianxb@hust.edu.cn.
Abstract

Growing evidences indicate that neuropathic pain is frequently accompanied with cognitive impairments, which aggravate the decrease in the quality of life of chronic pain patients. Furthermore, it has been shown that the activation of Glucagon-like-peptide-1receptor (GLP-1R) improved memory deficit in multiple diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), stroke. However, whether GLP-1R activation could improve memory impairment induced by neuropathic pain and the mechanisms underlying the effect of the activation of GLP-1R on memory protection have not yet been established. The spared nerve injury (SNI) model was established as a kind of neuropathic pain. And novel-object recognition memory (hippocampus-dependent memory) was tested by the novel object recognition test (NORT). The expression levels of GLP-1, GLP-1R, adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), p-AMPKThr172, nuclear factor κ B p65 (NF-κB p65), interleukin-1beta (IL-1β), IL-1β p17 (mature IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and the synaptic proteins were tested in the murine hippocampus with memory deficits caused by neuropathic pain. Then, exenatide acetate (Ex-4, a GLP-1R agonist), exendin (9-39) (Ex(9-39), a GLP-1R antagonist) and Compound C dihydrochloride (CC, an AMPK Inhibitor) were used to test the effects of the activation of GLP-1R in the mice with neuropathic pain. First, we uncovered that neuropathic pain could inhibit GLP-1/GLP-R axis, disturb inflammatory signaling pathway, increase the expression of IL-1β, IL-1β p17 and TNF-α, downregulate the synaptic proteins (postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD95) and Arc). Subsequently, we reported that Ex-4 treatment could improve recognition memory impairment, increase the ratio of p-AMPKThr172/AMPK, inhibit the phosphorylation NF-κB p65 and decrease the expression of IL-1β, IL-1β p17 and TNF-α, upregulate the levels of PSD95 and Arc. Moreover, we found that Ex(9-39) and CC treatment could abrogate the memory protection of activation of GLP-1R in mice with neuropathic pain. The results indicated that the activation of GLP-1R could improve recognition memory impairment via regulating AMPK/NF-κB pathway, improving neuroinflammation, reversing the decreased level of synaptic proteins in neuropathic pain mice.

Keywords

GLP-1R; Memory; Neuroinflammation; Neuropathic pain; Neuroprotection.

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