2. Academic Validation
  3. Bifidobacterium promotes retinal ganglion cell survival by regulating the balance of retinal glial cells

Bifidobacterium promotes retinal ganglion cell survival by regulating the balance of retinal glial cells

  • CNS Neurosci Ther. 2023 Mar 16. doi: 10.1111/cns.14165.
Xiaohuan Zhao 1 2 3 4,  Mengqiao Xu 1 2 3 4,  Zhenzhen Zhao 1 2 3 4,  Yimin Wang 1 2 3 4,  Yang Liu 1 2 3 4,  Ting Zhang 1 2 3 4,  Xiaoling Wan 1 2 3 4,  Mei Jiang 1 2 3 4,  Xueting Luo 1 2 3 4,  Yao Shen 5,  Lei Chen 5,  Minwen Zhou 1 2 3 4,  Feng Wang 5,  Xiaodong Sun 1 2 3 4
Affiliations

Affiliations

  • 1 Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
  • 2 National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China.
  • 3 Shanghai Key Laboratory of Fundus Diseases, Shanghai, China.
  • 4 Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai, China.
  • 5 Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Translational Medicine Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
PMID: 36924268 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14165
Abstract

Introduction: Optic nerve injury is a leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide. The retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and their axons cannot be regenerated once damaged. Therefore, reducing RGC damage is crucial to prevent blindness. Accordingly, we aimed to investigate the potential influence of the gut microbiota on RGC survival, as well as the associated action mechanisms.

Methods: We evaluated the effects of microbiota, specifically Bifidobacterium, on RGC. Optic nerve crush (ONC) was used as a model of optic nerve injury. Vancomycin and Bifidobacterium were orally administered to specific pathogen-free (SPF) mice.

Results: Bifidobacterium promoted RGC survival and optic nerve regeneration. The administration of Bifidobacterium inhibited microglia activation but promoted Müller cell activation, which was accompanied by the downregulation of inflammatory cytokines and upregulation of Neurotrophic Factors and retinal ERK/Fos signaling pathway activation.

Conclusions: Our study demonstrates that Bifidobacterium-induced changes in intestinal flora promote RGC survival. The protective effect of Bifidobacterium on RGC can be attributed to the inhibition of microglia activation and promotion of Müller cell activation and the secondary regulation of inflammatory and Neurotrophic Factors.

Keywords

Bifidobacterium; Müller cells; microglia; optic nerve injury; retinal ganglion cells (RGCs).

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