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  3. Peptic ulcer

Peptic ulcer消化性溃疡

释义：

Peptic ulcer is a common disorder of gastrointestinal system characterized by mucosal damage secondary to pepsin and gastric acid secretion. It usually occurs in the stomach and proximal duodenum. Typical symptoms include episodic burning epigastric pain, loss of appetite, and weight loss. Pain usually occurs two to five hours after meals or on an empty stomach. The most common causes of peptic ulcer are Helicobacter pylori infection and use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Smoking increases the risk of ulcer recurrence and slows healing. Most patients are treated successfully with eradication of H. pylori and/or avoidance of NSAIDs, along with the appropriate use of antisecretory therapy. About 25 percent of patients with peptic ulcer have a serious complication such as hemorrhage, perforation, or gastric outlet obstruction. Administration of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and endoscopic therapy control most bleeds.

消化性溃疡是胃肠道系统的一种常见疾病，其特征是继发于胃蛋白酶和胃酸分泌的粘膜损伤。它通常发生在胃和十二指肠近端。典型症状包括间歇性上腹烧灼痛、食欲不振和体重减轻。疼痛通常发生在饭后两到五个小时或空腹时。消化性溃疡最常见的原因是幽门螺杆菌感染和使用非甾体类抗炎药 (NSAID)。吸烟会增加溃疡复发的风险并减缓愈合。大多数患者通过根除幽门螺杆菌和/或避免使用非甾体抗炎药以及适当使用抗分泌疗法而获得成功治疗。大约 25% 的消化性溃疡患者有严重的并发症，如出血、穿孔或胃出口梗阻。质子泵抑制剂 (PPI) 和内窥镜治疗可控制大多数出血。

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