1. 重组蛋白
  2. Enzymes & Regulators

Enzymes & Regulators  (酶和调节子)

酶类是在生物系统内发现的生物催化剂,能催化特定的生化过程。大多数酶是具有催化活性的蛋白质。部分RNA分子 (核酶) 也具有催化活性。发生在所有生物机体内的生物过程都是化学反应,且大多数是由酶调节的。酶几乎催化细胞内的所有化学反应。许多遗传性的人类疾病,如白化病和苯丙酮尿症,都是由缺乏特殊的酶引起的。 酶催化反应能被内源或外源的抑制剂抑制。许多毒素或活性药物通过抑制特定的酶促反应发挥作用。

Enzymes are biological catalysts (biocatalysts) found in biological systems that are catalysts for specific biochemical processes. Most of enzymes are proteins with catalytic activity. Also RNA molecules have catalytic activity (ribozymes). The biological processes that occur within all living organisms are chemical reactions, and most are regulated by enzymes. Enzymes catalyze virtually all the chemical reactions within cells. Many inherited human diseases, such as albinism and phenylketonuria, are caused by a deficiency of a particular enzyme. Enzyme-catalysed reaction can be reduced by inhibitors (foreign or natural components). Many toxins and pharmacologically active agents act by inhibiting specific enzyme-catalyzed.

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