2. Academic Validation
  3. An imazamox-based herbicide causes apoptotic changes in rat liver and pancreas

An imazamox-based herbicide causes apoptotic changes in rat liver and pancreas

  • Toxicol Rep. 2018 Nov 19;6:42-50. doi: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2018.11.008.
Çiğdem Sevim 1,  Selim Çomaklı 2,  Ali Taghizadehghalehjoughi 1,  Mustafa Özkaraca 2,  Robin Mesnage 3,  Leda Kovatsi 4,  Tatyana I Burykina 5,  Alexandra Kalogeraki 6,  Michael N Antoniou 3,  Aristidis Tsatsakis 7
Affiliations

Affiliations

  • 1 Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey.
  • 2 Department of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey.
  • 3 Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.
  • 4 Laboratory of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece.
  • 5 Department of Analytical and Forensic Medical Toxicology, Sechenov University, 2-4 Bolshaya Pirogovskaya st., 119991 Moscow, Russia.
  • 6 Department of Pathology-Cytopathology, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece.
  • 7 Department of Toxicology & Forensic Sciences, Faculty Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece.
PMID: 30560060 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2018.11.008
Abstract

We studied the acute toxicity of an imazamox-based herbicide at 12, 24 and 36 mg/kg body (bw) weight imazamox equivalent dose on the liver and pancreatic tissue in Sprague Dawley rats. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activities, glucose, calcium as well as creatinine, were determined in blood samples, which were collected after 24, 48 and 72 h exposure. Caspase 3 and anti-insulin expression and immunopositivity were evaluated using in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry, respectively. The imazamox-based herbicide evaluated in this study induced toxic effects even from the lowest dose tested (12 mg/kg bw). The two highest doses caused a statistically significant cytotoxicity on the Langerhans islet cells. Necrotic and degenerative changes were detected in hepatocytes at the two highest doses. Imazamox is considered to be poorly toxic to the liver. Nevertheless, the imazamox-based herbicide formulation tested here reduced the size of the β-islet cells, induced an elevation in serum glucose and calcium. Our data shows that commercial formulations of imazamox containing various co-formulants can have hepatic and pancreatic toxic effects.

Keywords

Anti-insulin; Caspase 3; Imazamox; Immunohistochemistry; In situ hybridization.

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