2. Academic Validation
  3. Programmable macrophage-polarizing nanoparticles for MRI-guided early detection and treatment of pulmonary metastases

Programmable macrophage-polarizing nanoparticles for MRI-guided early detection and treatment of pulmonary metastases

  • J Nanobiotechnology. 2025 Oct 14;23(1):675. doi: 10.1186/s12951-025-03749-5.
Meiju Sui 1 2,  Kairu Xie 1 2,  Yingying Luo 1 2,  Haiqiang Wang 1 2,  Hao Sheng 1,  Sen Yue 1 2,  Xiaoxun Liu 1 2,  Sha Li 1 2,  Jung Soo Suk 3,  Shizhen Chen 1 2 4,  Daiqin Chen 5 6,  Xin Zhou 7 8 9
Affiliations

Affiliations

  • 1 State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy and Imaging, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, P. R. China.
  • 2 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China.
  • 3 Department of Neurosurgery and Medicine Institute for Neuroscience Discovery (UM-MIND), University of Maryland School of Medicine, 670 West Baltimore Street, HSR III Rm 9106, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
  • 4 Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Hainan Province, School of Biomedical Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, P. R. China.
  • 5 State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy and Imaging, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, P. R. China. chendychin@apm.ac.cn.
  • 6 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China. chendychin@apm.ac.cn.
  • 7 State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy and Imaging, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, P. R. China. xinzhou@wipm.ac.cn.
  • 8 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China. xinzhou@wipm.ac.cn.
  • 9 Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Hainan Province, School of Biomedical Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, P. R. China. xinzhou@wipm.ac.cn.
PMID: 41084003 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-025-03749-5
Abstract

Metastatic lung Cancer remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, underscoring the urgent need for early detection and intervention strategies. Current diagnostic and therapeutic methods often fall short in sensitivity and efficacy, particularly for early-stage disease. In this study, we develop CaCO3@quercetin-Mn nanoparticles (CQM NPs) integrating dual-stage macrophage reprogramming with T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) enhancement for theranostic management of pulmonary metastasis. CQM NPs exploit dynamic macrophage polarization: initial M2 polarization promotes nanoparticles accumulation in metastatic lesions, enabling detection of lesions as small as 0.11 mm, while subsequent acid/glutathione (GSH)-triggered degradation reprograms tumor-associated macrophages to antitumor M1 phenotype, suppressing metastatic growth by 81.64% and preventing circulating tumor cells (CTCs) from colonizing the lungs by 78.08%. These findings demonstrate a significant improvement in MRI sensitivity and an integrated approach to therapy, contrasting with traditional methods that separate these challenges. This "detect-to-treat" paradigm bridges the critical gap between imaging sensitivity and immunomodulatory therapy, offering a blueprint for precision nanomedicine in metastatic cancers.

Keywords

Macrophage polarization; Magnetic resonance imaging; Nanoplatform; Pulmonary metastasis; Theranostic.

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