IFN-alpha 7  (干扰素 α7)

干扰素 α7 (IFNA7;IFN-α7) 属于 α / β 干扰素 (IFN) 家族，由巨噬细胞产生，具有抗病毒活性^[1]。干扰素 (IFN) 最初被认为是一种“干扰”体外病毒复制的物质。IFN-α/β 及其相关分子被分为 I 型干扰素，其他干扰素则分为两种——II 型干扰素 (IFN-γ) 和 III 型干扰素 (IFN-λ)^[2]。干扰素刺激两种酶的产生：一种蛋白激酶和一种低聚腺苷酸合成酶。干扰素 α (IFNa) 在各种癌症中显示出显著的生物活性，特别是血液系统恶性肿瘤，如毛细胞白血病和慢性骨髓性白血病^[3]。
干扰素 α7 参与 JAK/STAT 信号通路，信号传递效应强 (EC₅₀=3.3 nM)，被认为是增加 FOXP3 表达和/或减少 CTLA4 表达的有效调控因子。因此，调节性 T 细胞 (regulatory T cells, Tregs) 作为调节外周自反应 T 淋巴细胞的关键细胞，经过 IFNα-7 的调节，可以稳定 Treg 功能状态，保护 Treg 表型稳定^[4]。干扰素在动物模型中具有广泛应用，人类 IFNA7 蛋白的氨基酸序列与小鼠有很大差异，序列相似率为 58.73%。

IFN-alpha 7 (IFNA7; IFN-α7), belongs to the alpha/beta interferon (IFN) family, is produced by the macrophages with antiviral activities^[1]. Interferon (IFN) is originally identified as a substance ‘interfering’ with viral replication in vitro. IFN-α/β and related molecules are classified as type I IFNs, as for the other two types of type II IFN (IFN-γ) and type III IFNs (IFN-λ), respectively^[2]. Interferon stimulates the production of two enzymes: a protein kinase and an oligoadenylate synthetase. Interferon alpha (IFNa) shows significant biological activity in various cancers, paticularly haematological malignancies such as hairy cell leukaemia and chronic myelogenous leukaemia^[3].
IFNα-7 involves in JAK/STAT signaling pathway with strong signaling effect (EC₅₀=3.3 nM), is identified as positive regulators that increases FOXP3 expression and/or decreases CTLA4 expression. Therefore, regulatory T cells (Tregs) as the key cells regulating peripheral autoreactive T lymphocytes, IFNα-7 regulates Treg functional states to protect Treg phenotype stabilization^[4]. As for a wildly use of IFN in animal model, the sequence of amino acids in IFNA7 protein of human is very different from mouse (58.73%)

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