CXCL15  (CXC 趋化因子配体 15)

CXCL15，也称为 Lungkine 或 WECHE，是包含 ELR 基序的 CXC 趋化因子的成员。CXCL15 具有中性粒细胞趋化活性。CXCL15 在小鼠肺中高表达。CXCL15 具有与免疫学和宿主防御系统相关的活性^[1][2]。
小鼠 CXCL15 最初被描述为一种分泌到气道空间中的蛋白质，可诱导中性粒细胞迁移。它的蛋白质结构与其他 CXC 趋化因子形成鲜明对比，因为它包含一个约 65 aa 的扩展 C 端结构域。它还具有调节造血细胞分化为红细胞和作为骨髓祖细胞的化学引诱剂的新功能。CXCL15 是 ELR+ CXC 趋化因子家族的一部分，其成员在前两个半胱氨酸 (CXC) 之间包含一个非保守氨基酸，以及紧邻 CXC 序列之前的一个保守 ELR 基序（谷氨酸-亮氨酸）。CXCL15 比其他 ELR+ CXCL 更接近 CXCL8，表明 CXCL8 和 CXCL15 之间的生物学功能相似。CXCL15主要由上皮细胞在黏膜中表达。抗原和 LPS 刺激和感染等炎症条件可在上皮细胞中诱导表达^[1][2][3]。

CXCL15, also known as Lungkine or WECHE, is a member of the ELR motif-containing CXC chemokines. CXCL15 has neutrophil chemotactic activity. CXCL15 is high expression in the lungs of mice. CXCL15 has activities associated with immunology and host defense systems^[1][2].
Murine CXCL15 is first described as a protein secreted into the airway spaces, which induced neutrophil migration. Its protein structure contrasts with other CXC chemokines because it contains an extended C-terminal domain of ∼65 aa. It also has the novel function of regulating hematopoietic differentiation into erythroid cells and acting as a chemoattractant for bone marrow progenitor cells. CXCL15 is part of the ELR+ CXC chemokine family, whose members contain a non-conserved amino acid between the first two cysteines (CXC), as well as a conserved ELR motif (glutamic acid-leucinearginine) immediately preceding the CXC sequence. CXCL15 is closer to CXCL8 than other ELR+ CXCLs, indicating similar biological functions between CXCL8 and CXCL15. CXCL15 is mainly expressed in mucosae by epithelial cells. The expression can be induced in the epithelial cells by inflammatory conditions such as antigen and LPS stimulation and infection^[1][2][3].

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