1. Academic Validation
  2. Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain protein 1 enhances oxygen-glucose deprivation and reperfusion injury in cortical neurons via activation of endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated autophagy

Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain protein 1 enhances oxygen-glucose deprivation and reperfusion injury in cortical neurons via activation of endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated autophagy

  • Exp Mol Pathol. 2020 Dec;117:104525. doi: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2020.104525.
Xiande Ma 1 Wei Zhang 2 Chang Xu 3 Shuangshuang Zhang 3 Jiaxiu Zhao 3 Qian Pan 4 Zhe Wang 5
Affiliations

Affiliations

  • 1 Teaching and Experiment Center, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang 110847, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for TCM Viscera-State Theory and Applications, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang 110847, People's Republic of China.
  • 2 Third Department of Encephalopathy rehabilitation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang 110032, People's Republic of China.
  • 3 Department of Basic Sciences of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang 110847, People's Republic of China.
  • 4 Department of Pathology, College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang 110847, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: 18698803916@163.com.
  • 5 Department of Pathology, College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang 110847, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: wangzhe5655@126.com.
Abstract

Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (CIR) can regulate multiple transcription factors to enhance or attenuate injury. Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain protein 1 (NOD1) has been reported to be involved in Autophagy and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Moreover, Autophagy and ER stress play important roles in CIR injury. Hence, the function of NOD1 in CIR injury was explored in this study. Primary rat cortical neurons were treated with oxygen-glucose deprivation and reperfusion (OGD/R) in vitro. NOD1 level was measured using immunofluorescence, real-time quantitative PCR and western blotting and its ubiquitination using co-immunoprecipitation. Results showed that OGD/R up-regulated NOD1 level but inhibited NOD1 ubiquitination. Then the effect of NOD1 on OGD/R-induced changes in cell viability, Apoptosis, Autophagy and ER stress was evaluated by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium assay, Lactate Dehydrogenase release, Hoechst staining, detection of Autophagy and ER stress-related proteins using western blotting and Infection with GFP-LC3 lentiviruses. OGD/R decreased cell viability and increased cell Apoptosis. NOD1 up-regulation promoted these changes, but NOD1 down-regulation reversed these changes. Moreover, OGD/R triggered Autophagy and ER stress and NOD1 silencing reversed OGD/R-induced changes in Autophagy and ER stress. To validate the role of Autophagy in OGD/R injury, Autophagy inducer rapamycin was used. Rapamycin promoted OGD/R-induced decrease in cell viability and counteracted NOD1 silencing-induced increase in cell viability. In addition, ER stress inducer tunicamycin was used to investigate the relationship between ER stress and Autophagy. Tunicamycin promoted OGD/R-induced decrease in cell viability and reversed NOD1 silencing-induced increase in cell viability. Tunicamycin also enhanced OGD/R-induced Autophagy and reversed NOD1 silencing-induced inhibition in Autophagy. The results indicated that NOD1 promoted OGD/R injury in cortical neurons through activating ER stress-mediated Autophagy. This study provides new insights for the target of CIR injury treatment.

Keywords

Autophagy; Cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury; Endoplasmic reticulum stress; Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain 1; Oxygen-glucose deprivation and reperfusion.

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