2. Academic Validation
  3. Antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and anti-osteoclastogenic effects of synthetic mineralized lysozyme nanoparticles for treating infectious osteoporosis

Antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and anti-osteoclastogenic effects of synthetic mineralized lysozyme nanoparticles for treating infectious osteoporosis

  • Int J Biol Macromol. 2025 Aug;320(Pt 4):145769. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2025.145769.
Edouard Gnoumou 1,  Thi-Tam An Tran 1,  Tsan-Tzu Yang 2,  Thi-Thu The Quach 2,  Chi-Yun Wang 3
Affiliations

Affiliations

  • 1 International Ph.D. Program in Innovative Technology of Biomedical Engineering and Medical Devices, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City 243303, Taiwan.
  • 2 International Ph.D. Program in Innovative Technology of Biomedical Engineering and Medical Devices, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City 243303, Taiwan; Research Center for Intelligent Medical Devices, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City 243303, Taiwan.
  • 3 International Ph.D. Program in Innovative Technology of Biomedical Engineering and Medical Devices, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City 243303, Taiwan; Research Center for Intelligent Medical Devices, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City 243303, Taiwan; R&D Center of Biochemical Engineering Technology, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei 243303, Taiwan; Center for Plasma and Thin Film Technology, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei 243303, Taiwan. Electronic address: chiyunw@gmail.com.
PMID: 40653236 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2025.145769
Abstract

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induces inflammation and bone loss by promoting osteoclast formation. While nanohydroxyapatite (nHA) is widely used for bone grafting due to its biocompatibility and osteoconductive properties, its Antibacterial and anti-inflammatory functions are limited. Lysozyme, a natural enzyme with Antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties, was immobilized onto polyglutamate-conjugated nHA (e.nHA) via co-precipitation to create a novel material: mineralized lysozyme (L-e.nHA). Compared to nHA, e.nHA showed enhanced lysozyme adsorption, following the Langmuir isotherm, with optimal immobilization between 0.5 and 1 mg/mL. Characterization confirmed successful L-e.nHA synthesis. Antibacterial assays demonstrated 100 % and 80 % inhibition of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, respectively. L-e.nHA significantly modulated cytokine expression by downregulating proinflammatory genes (Tnfα, IL-6) and upregulating immunoregulatory genes (Il10, Tgfb1) via the JNK1/2 pathway. Additionally, it reduced LPS-induced expression of osteoclastogenic genes (Trap, Dcstamp, Cathepsin K) and the number of TRAP-positive multinucleated cells. These findings suggest that L-e.nHA is a promising therapeutic material with dual Antibacterial and anti-osteoclastogenic functions, offering potential for treating bone infections and mitigating osteoporosis.

Keywords

Anti-osteoclastogenesis; Lysozyme; Nanohydroxyapatite.

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