Lipopolysaccharides, from Akkermansia muciniphila  (Synonyms: LPS, from Akkermansia muciniphila)

Lipopolysaccharides, from Akkermansia muciniphila (LPS, from Akkermansia muciniphila) are lipopolysaccharide endotoxins derived from Akkermansia muciniphila and are TLR-4 activators. Unlike typical LPS, Lipopolysaccharides, from Akkermansia muciniphila are R-type LPS or lipooligosaccharides (LOS), lacking the O-antigen domain and consisting only of a core oligosaccharide and a lipid A. Lipopolysaccharides, from Akkermansia muciniphila can activate TLR4 and TLR2, and may inhibit the TLR4/NF-κB pathway, thereby alleviating LPS-induced acute kidney injury^[1][2].
It is recommended to prepare a stock solution of ≥2 mg/mL and ensure that it is fully mixed and dissolved. Due to the adsorption characteristics of LPS, low adsorption centrifuge tubes should be used for aliquoting and storage.

Note:
1. 为了保持 LPS 的完整性，建议将 LPS 溶液存放在硅烷化容器中。因为 LPS 可以粘附在塑料和某些类型的玻璃上，尤其是在浓度低于 0.1 mg/mL 时。如果 LPS 浓度超过 1 mg/mL，这种吸附作用相对较小，建议配制 ≥2 mg/mL 母液，并保证充分混合溶解。如果使用玻璃容器，请确保使用前充分混合至少 30 分钟，以重新溶解任何吸附在管壁的 LPS。
2. LPS 是一种能在溶液中形成不同尺寸胶束的分子，分子量不固定，储备液及工作液可直接配制成质量浓度 (mg/mL, μg/mL, etc.)。
3. LPS 溶于水或 PBS 后可能会观察到均匀的浑浊溶液，如需过滤除菌，请勿直接过滤储备液，建议稀释成工作液之后用 0.22 μm 的滤膜过滤除菌。

MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Lipopolysaccharides, from Akkermansia muciniphila (300 μg/kg，230 μL；ip；单剂量) 可诱导高 IL-10 基因表达，并激活小鼠肝脏中 TLR2 和 TLR4 的基因表达，且 TLR2 比 TLR4 的表达水平更高（100 倍）^[1]。

MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

LPS, from Akkermansia muciniphila

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

Please store the product under the recommended conditions in the Certificate of Analysis.

• [1]. Garcia-Vello P, et al. The lipooligosaccharide of the gut symbiont Akkermansia muciniphila exhibits a remarkable structure and TLR signaling capacity. Nat Commun. 2024 Sep 27;15(1):8411.  [Content Brief]

  [2]. Shi J, et al. Akkermansia muciniphila attenuates LPS-induced acute kidney injury by inhibiting TLR4/NF-κB pathway. FEMS Microbiol Lett. 2022 Nov 17;369(1):fnac103.  [Content Brief]