1. 天然产物
  2. 疾病研究领域 糖类 内源性代谢物
  3. 神经系统疾病 多糖
  4. Gangliotetraose

Gangliotetraose  (Synonyms: Gg4)

目录号: HY-N10512
产品使用指南

Gangliotetraose (Gg4) 是一种四糖,主要成分包括 GM1 及其唾液酸化衍生物。GM1促进分化神经元的核 Ca2+ 外流,降低分化神经元的核 Ca2+ 水平。GM1 影响神经元的可塑性和修复机制,以及大脑中神经营养素的释放。

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Gangliotetraose Chemical Structure

Gangliotetraose Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 75645-24-8

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Top Publications Citing Use of Products
  • 生物活性

  • 纯度 & 产品资料

  • 参考文献

生物活性

Gangliotetraose (Gg4) is a tetrasccharide, exhibits major components including GM1 and its sialylated derivatives. GM1 facilitates efflux of nuclear Ca2+ and reduces the level of nuclear Ca2+ that characterizes the differentiated neuron. GM1 affects neuronal plasticity and repair mechanisms, as well as neurotrophin release in the brain[1][2].

IC50 & Target

Akt, ERK1/2[3]; amyloid β-protein[4]

体外研究
(In Vitro)

Gangliotetraose (GM1) (10 μM; 1 h) increases the viability of pheochromocytoma PC12 cells exposed to hydrogen peroxide (1 mM; 2 h) and diminishes the accumulation of reactive oxygen species and oxidative inactivation of Na+, K+-ATPase[3].
Gangliotetraose (GM1) (100 nM and 10 μM; ) increases the basal activity of Akt and ERK1/2, without changing Akt activity in PC12 cells exposed to hydrogen peroxide[3].
Gangliotetraose (GM1) (50 μM; 24 h) binds the midportion of Aβ to produce Aβ oligomers, GM1 bound Aβ (GAβ). GAβ is endogenously generated in the brain and accelerates Aβ assembly by acting as a seed[4].

MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Cell Viability Assay[3]

Cell Line: Rat pheochromocytoma PC12 cells
Concentration: 1 nM, 10 nM, 100 nM, 1 μM, 10 μM, 50 μM
Incubation Time: 1 hour (preincubation); started 24 h after the transfer of the cells to the plates; exposed to 1 mM H2O2 for 2 h later
Result: Showed protective effect (rescue rates, %) on PC12 cells exposed to H2O2 in a dose-dependent manner.
The rescue rates ranged from 2.7% to 76% with concentration of 1 nM-50 μM.
体内研究
(In Vivo)

Gangliotetraose (GM1) (30 mg/kg; i.p.; 5, 11, 42, and 73 d) stimulates the regeneration of nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons in the central nervous system of rats after unilateral hemitransection[5].

MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Model: Unilateral semi-transection model in Sprague-Dawley rats (170-190 g)[5]
Dosage: 5 mg/kg; 30 mg/kg
Administration: Intraperitoneal injection; 5, 11, 42, 73 days; started on day 2 after surgery and finished 24 h before sacrifice
Result: Increased the Vmax of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) in the lesioned side starting on day 14 dose-dependently with 73% (5 mg/kg/d) and 85% (30 mg/kg/d) of that of the unlesioned side, respectively.
分子量

707.63

Formula

C26H45NO21

CAS 号
结构分类
初始来源
运输条件

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

储存方式

Please store the product under the recommended conditions in the Certificate of Analysis.

纯度 & 产品资料
参考文献
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  • 稀释计算器

The molarity calculator equation

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

质量   浓度   体积   分子量 *
= × ×

The dilution calculator equation

Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

浓度 (start) × 体积 (start) = 浓度 (final) × 体积 (final)
× = ×
C1   V1   C2   V2
Help & FAQs
  • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

    Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

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