Atopic Dermatitis  (特应性皮炎)

特应性皮炎，也称为湿疹，是一种慢性炎症性皮肤病，其特征是皮肤干燥、瘙痒和发炎，常表现为鳞状或皲裂性病变和发红。它通常始于儿童时期，但可在任何年龄发生，影响全球数百万患者，并严重影响生活质量。该病由遗传易感性、免疫系统功能障碍以及过敏原、压力和温度变化等环境诱因共同作用而引起。症状严重程度不一，可能局限于局部，也可能扩散，导致不适、睡眠障碍和心理困扰。作为全球最常见的炎症性皮肤病，特应性皮炎凸显了早期诊断和综合治疗对改善患者预后的重要性。

Atopic dermatitis, also known as eczema, is a chronic inflammatory skin condition characterized by dry, itchy, and inflamed skin, often presenting with scaly or cracked lesions and redness. It commonly begins in childhood but can occur at any age, affecting millions globally and significantly impacting quality of life. The condition arises from a combination of genetic predisposition, immune system dysfunction, and environmental triggers such as allergens, stress, and temperature changes. Symptoms vary in severity and may be localized or widespread, leading to discomfort, sleep disturbances, and psychological distress. As the most prevalent inflammatory skin disease worldwide, atopic dermatitis underscores the importance of early diagnosis and comprehensive management to improve patient outcomes.

参考文献: