Luminal Breast Cancer  (激素受体阳性乳腺癌)

管腔A型乳腺癌是乳腺癌的一种亚型，占乳腺癌病例的40%-55%，其特征为雌激素受体(ER)和/或孕激素受体(PR)阳性，HER2阴性，Ki-67增殖指数较低（<14%），通常表现为高分化肿瘤。该类型乳腺癌预后良好，且对内分泌治疗反应良好。其关键分子特征包括ER/PR表达、HER2扩增缺失，以及染色质调控和乙酰化等通路的参与，HJURP是其相关基因。氟维司群和哌柏西利等治疗药物常用于治疗。该亚型与乳腺和髓系等组织相关，其表型特征包括shRNA丰度增加和含沙门氏菌的空泡成熟增强。管腔B型乳腺癌是一种激素受体阳性(HR+)和HER2阳性的乳腺癌亚型，与管腔A型乳腺癌相比，其表型更具侵袭性，预后更差。其特征是雌激素和孕激素受体表达重叠、增殖增强，并可能从额外的全身和局部治疗中获益。ERBB2基因是关键驱动因素，该疾病与CREB信号传导和离子通道转运等通路相关。受影响的组织主要包括乳腺，并且与家族性发作性疼痛综合征和IV型粘脂病有关。

Luminal A breast cancer is a subtype of breast cancer accounting for 40–55% of cases, defined by estrogen receptor (ER) and/or progesterone receptor (PR) positivity, HER2 negativity, and a low Ki-67 proliferation index (<14%), typically presenting as well-differentiated tumors. It is associated with a favorable prognosis and responsiveness to endocrine therapy. Key molecular features include expression of ER/PR, absence of HER2 amplification, and involvement of pathways such as chromatin regulation and acetylation, with HJURP as a related gene. Therapeutic agents like Fulvestrant and Palbociclib are used in treatment. This subtype is linked to tissues including breast and myeloid, and phenotypic traits include increased shRNA abundance and enhanced Salmonella-containing vacuole maturation. Luminal B breast cancer is a hormone receptor-positive (HR+) and HER2-positive breast cancer subtype with a more aggressive phenotype and poorer prognosis compared to luminal A breast cancer. It is characterized by overlapping expression of estrogen and progesterone receptors, increased proliferation, and potential benefit from additional systemic and local therapies. The ERBB2 gene is a key driver, and the condition is linked to pathways such as CREB signaling and ion channel transport. Affected tissues primarily include the breast, and it has associations with familial episodic pain syndrome and mucolipidosis IV.

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