Respiratory Inflammation  (呼吸道炎症)

呼吸道炎症是哮喘和慢性阻塞性肺病 (COPD) 等呼吸系统疾病的关键病理特征，其特征是免疫细胞浸润和激活（包括嗜酸性粒细胞、肥大细胞、中性粒细胞和淋巴细胞），导致气道高反应性、气流受限、上皮损伤、支气管收缩和气道敏感性增加，通常由感染或环境刺激引发，并具有导致合并症的潜在全身影响。

Respiratory tract inflammation is a key pathological feature of respiratory diseases such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), characterized by immune cell infiltration and activation—including eosinophils, mast cells, neutrophils, and lymphocytes—leading to airway hyperresponsiveness, airflow limitation, epithelial damage, bronchoconstriction, and increased airway sensitivity, often triggered by infections or environmental stimuli, with potential systemic effects contributing to comorbidities.

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