Repellent and antifeedant activity of salicylic acid and related compounds against the biting midge, Culicoides impunctatus (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae)

An artificial membrane, blood-feeding method was used to assess the repellent and antifeedant effects of derivatives of salicylic acid on the biting midge Culicoides impunctatus Goetghebeur. Trans-2-hydroxycyclohexanecarboxylic acid, 6-methylsalicylic acid, 2,6-dihydroxy-4-methylbenzoic acid, and salicyluric acid caused highly significant inhibition of feeding, with salicyluric acid performing significantly greater than the Other compounds. Investigating the effects of alkyl substitution of salicylic acid, o-thymotic and o-cresotic acids were also effective. A pilot clinical trial using salicyluric acid indicated that it provided a protective effect and it was hypothesized that this may have resulted primarily from contact, because no significant repellent effects were shown for this compound in a microscope slide test, designed to demonstrate repellency with volatile compounds.