2. Epigenetics PI3K/Akt/mTOR Membrane Transporter/Ion Channel
  3. AMPK GLUT
  4. MOTS-c(human) acetate

MOTS-c (human) acetate 是一种可穿透血脑屏障的、线粒体来源的多肽，调节 AMPK/PGC-1α 通路增强胰岛素敏感性。MOTS-c (human) acetate 抑制叶酸循环和嘌呤从头合成，升高 AICAR 水平以激活 AMPK，进而调控 Nrf2/Keap1 抗氧化通路及抑制NF-κB炎症通路，同时促进线粒体生物发生和能量代谢。MOTS-c (human) acetate 具有改善糖脂代谢、抗氧化应激、抗炎及神经保护的作用，可用于 2 型糖尿病、创伤性脑损伤、炎症性疾病及衰老相关代谢紊乱等研究。 (高分辨率测序的最新进展导致发现了源自线粒体基因组的独特肽。目前已鉴定出 8 种肽：护脑素、12S tRNA-c (MOTS-c) 的线粒体开放阅读框和 6 种小肽 (护脑素样肽 (SHLP1-6))。所有这些肽均从线粒体释放到细胞质中，并与延长寿命和细胞活力、减少细胞凋亡和其他有益功能相关。

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MOTS-c(human) acetate

MOTS-c(human) acetate Chemical Structure

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Customer Review

Other Forms of MOTS-c(human) acetate:

MOTS-c(human) acetate 相关抗体

Top Publications Citing Use of Products

查看 AMPK 亚型特异性产品:

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NUAK1 NUAK2 AMPK AMPK α1β1γ1 AMPK α2β1γ1 AMPK α1β2γ1 AMPK α2β2γ1 BRSK1 BRSK2 HUNK AMPKα

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GLUT1 GLUT2 GLUT3 GLUT4

  • 生物活性

  • 纯度 & 产品资料

  • 参考文献

生物活性

MOTS-c (human) acetate is a blood-brain barrier-penetrating, mitochondrial-derived peptide that modulates the AMPK/PGC-1α pathway to enhance insulin sensitivity. MOTS-c (human) acetate inhibits the folate cycle and de novo purine synthesis, increases AICAR levels to activate AMPK, and then regulates the Nrf2/Keap1 antioxidant pathway and inhibits the NF-κB inflammatory pathway, while promoting mitochondrial biogenesis and energy metabolism. MOTS-c (human) acetate has the effects of improving glucose and lipid metabolism, anti-oxidative stress, anti-inflammatory and neuroprotection, and can be used in the study of type 2 diabetes, traumatic brain injury, inflammatory diseases and aging-related metabolic disorders[1][2][3][4].

IC50 & Target[1]

AMPK

 

GLUT4

 

AICAR

 

体外研究
(In Vitro)

MOTS-c 在 5Me-THF 水平上抑制叶酸循环，导致 AICAR [5-氨基咪唑-4-甲酰胺核苷酸] 积累。MOTS-c 还会增加细胞 NAD+ 水平，而 NAD 也是核苷酸前体[1]。
MOTS-c 是一种线粒体信号，可刺激细胞葡萄糖吸收，同时抑制呼吸。响应 MOTS-c 吸收的葡萄糖被引导至合成代谢戊糖磷酸途径 (PPP)，该途径为嘌呤的合成提供碳源，而不是通过糖酵解代谢。此外，MOTS-c 还会增加肉碱穿梭机的水平，肉碱穿梭机将活性脂肪酸运送到线粒体进行 β-氧化，增加 β-氧化中间体的水平，并降低细胞内必需和非必需脂肪酸的水平，表明脂质利用率增强；稳定过表达 MOTS-c 的肌细胞也表现出葡萄糖吸收增加[1]。

MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

MOTS-c(human) acetate 相关抗体:

Western Blot Analysis[2]

Cell Line: HEK293 cells
Concentration: 10 μM
Incubation Time: 24-72 h
Result: Significantly increased phosphorylation of AMPK at Thr172 and protein levels of Nrf2 and Keap1, while reducing phosphorylation of ERK, JNK, and P38.
Resulted activation of AMPK by densitometric quantification, with a 2-fold increase in p-AMPK/AMPK ratio compared to control.
Attenuated these effects by co-treatment with the AMPK inhibitor.
体内研究
(In Vivo)

小鼠注射 MOTS-c 后，骨骼肌 AMPK 被激活，其下游葡萄糖转运蛋白 GLUT4 的水平也随之升高。MOTS-c 也可能作为一种潜在的线粒体信号，介导运动诱发的线粒体兴奋反应，从而刺激生理适应并提高运动耐受性[1]。
MOTS-c 的主要靶器官似乎是骨骼肌和脂肪。小鼠体内的 MOTS-c 水平会随着年龄的增长而下降，骨骼肌和血液循环中的水平也会随之下降，同时伴随年龄依赖性的胰岛素抵抗的出现。通过全身注射恢复老年小鼠(12 个月龄)的 MOTS-c 水平，成功逆转了年龄依赖性的骨骼肌胰岛素抵抗[1]。

MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Model: Male C57BL/6 mice (6-8-week-old) with controlled-cortical impact (CCI)-induced traumatic brain injury model[2]
Dosage: 25 mg/kg, 50 mg/kg MOTS-c (human) (saline)
Administration: Intraperitoneal injection, once daily, for 21 days starting 1 hour post-injury
Result: At 50 mg/kg, MOTS-c reduced neurological severity scores (NSS) by 45% and improved rotarod performance (latency increased by 50%) compared to injured controls.
Brain tissue analysis showed reduced HMGB1 expression (30% decrease), TLR4/NF-κB pathway inhibition, and lower pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6) in the ipsilateral cortex.
OBB-NC formulation (3 mg/kg) showed comparable effects with enhanced BBB penetration.
Animal Model: Male ICR mice (25-30 g, 6-week-old) with Formalin-induced paw inflammation model[3]
Dosage: 50 mg/kg MOTS-c (human) (saline)
Administration: Intraperitoneal injection, 1 hour before formalin challenge, single dose
Result: Significantly reduced licking time in the late phase (phase II, 11-40 min) by 60% compared to vehicle controls.
Immunohistochemistry revealed decreased c-fos positive cells (40% reduction) in the spinal dorsal horn, with Western blot confirming suppressed phosphorylation of ERK (Thr202/Tyr204), JNK (Thr183/Tyr185), and P38 (Thr180/Tyr182) by 30-50%.
The AMPK inhibitor Compound C abolished these effects.
Animal Model: Male Sprague-Dawley rats (220-240 g, 7-week-old) with high-fat diet/streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetes model[4]
Dosage: 0.5 mg/kg MOTS-c (human) (saline)
Administration: Intraperitoneal injection, once daily, for 8 weeks
Result: Significantly decreased fasting blood glucose (FBG) by 35%, HOMA-IR by 40%, and plasma triglycerides (TG)/total cholesterol (TC) by 25-30% compared to diabetic controls.
Reduced mitochondrial swelling and cristae damage, with increased SOD/GSH activity and upregulated p-AMPK, Nrf2, and Keap1 protein expression in the heart.
Combined with exercise, MOTS-c further enhanced glucose disposal and attenuated oxidative stress (MDA reduction by 50%).
分子量

2234.64

Formula

C103H156N28O24S2
性状

固体

颜色

White to off-white

Sequence

Met-Arg-Trp-Gln-Glu-Met-Gly-Tyr-Ile-Phe-Tyr-Pro-Arg-Lys-Leu-Arg
Sequence Shortening

MRWQEMGYIFYPRKLR
运输条件

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
储存方式

Sealed storage, away from moisture

Powder -80°C 2 years
-20°C 1 year

*In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture)

溶解性数据
细胞实验： 

H2O 中的溶解度 : 6.25 mg/mL (2.80 mM; 超声助溶)

DMSO 中的溶解度 : 4 mg/mL (1.79 mM; 超声助溶; 吸湿的 DMSO 对产品的溶解度有显著影响，请使用新开封的 DMSO)

配制储备液
浓度 溶剂体积 质量 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 0.4475 mL 2.2375 mL 4.4750 mL
5 mM --- --- ---
查看完整储备液配制表

* 请根据产品在不同溶剂中的溶解度选择合适的溶剂配制储备液；一旦配成溶液，请分装保存，避免反复冻融造成的产品失效。
储备液的保存方式和期限：-80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture)。-80°C储存时，请在6个月内使用，-20°C储存时，请在1个月内使用。

* 备注：如您选择水作为储备液，请稀释至工作液后，再用 0.22 μm 的滤膜过滤除菌后使用。

  • 摩尔计算器

  • 稀释计算器

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

质量
=
浓度
×
体积
×
分子量 *

Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

浓度 (start)

C1

×
体积 (start)

V1

=
浓度 (final)

C2

×
体积 (final)

V2

动物溶解方案计算器
请输入动物实验的基本信息：

给药剂量

mg/kg

动物的平均体重

g

每只动物的给药体积

μL

动物数量

只
由于实验过程有损耗，建议您多配一只动物的量
计算结果
工作液所需浓度 : mg/mL
纯度 & 产品资料
参考文献

MOTS-c(human) acetate 相关分类

完整储备液配制表

* 请根据产品在不同溶剂中的溶解度选择合适的溶剂配制储备液；一旦配成溶液，请分装保存，避免反复冻融造成的产品失效。
储备液的保存方式和期限：-80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture)。-80°C储存时，请在6个月内使用，-20°C储存时，请在1个月内使用。

可选溶剂 浓度 溶剂体积 质量 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
DMSO / H2O 1 mM 0.4475 mL 2.2375 mL 4.4750 mL 11.1875 mL

* 备注：如您选择水作为储备液，请稀释至工作液后，再用 0.22 μm 的滤膜过滤除菌后使用。

Help & FAQs
  • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

    Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

Keywords:

MOTS-c(human)AMPKGLUTAMP-activated protein kinaseGlucose transporterMitochondriaobesitydiabetesexerciselongevityDNAskeletalmusclefatglucoseinsulinInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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