Animal Venoms  (动物毒液)

动物毒液是具有特定病理生理功能的复杂混合物。毒液通常由酶、没有酶活性的蛋白质和多肽组成。具有不同生物功能的多肽和蛋白质的丰富组成，使动物毒液成为新药开发的丰富生物活性分子来源。基于毒液成分的几种药物已经成功研制出来。例如，用于预防心脏病发作或血栓形成的Eptifibatide是barbourin的类似物，barbourin是从Sistrurus miliarius barbouri蛇毒液中分离出来的一种分解素。此外，动物毒液还可以用于基础研究、诊断和化妆品行业。

Animal venoms are complex mixtures with specific pathophysiological functions. The venoms usually consist of enzymes, proteins without enzymatic activity, and peptides. Such a wide range of peptides and proteins with diverse biological functions makes animal venoms rich sources of biologically active molecules for the development of new medicines. Several drugs based on the venom components have been successfully elaborated. For example, Eptifibatide, used to prevent heart attacks or the formation of blood clots, is an analogue of barbourin, a disintegrin isolated from Sistrurus miliarius barbouri snake venom. Otherwise, venoms are also used in basic research, diagnosis, as well as cosmetics.