Fc Receptor (FcR) (Fc 受体 (FcR))

Fc Receptors (FcR) are a class of cell surface receptors that can recognize and bind to the Fc region of immunoglobulins, playing an important role in processes such as the immune response and immune regulation. According to the types of immunoglobulins they recognize, FcR can be classified into FcγR, FcεR, FcαR, etc. According to their functional characteristics, they can be divided into activating FcR and inhibitory FcR. FcR mediate the phagocytosis of immune cells, prompting phagocytes to eliminate antigenic foreign substances such as pathogens. FcR also participate in ADCC, which activates NK cells and other cells to kill target cells, affecting the immune response. In addition, FcR can clear immune complexes and prevent them from depositing in tissues and triggering inflammation. Abnormal functions or dysregulated expressions of FcR can lead to autoimmune diseases and allergic diseases. In tumors, FcR are involved in both the immune escape of tumor cells and can serve as targets for immunotherapy^[1][2].