β-Carotene  (Synonyms: β-胡萝卜素; Provitamin A; beta-Carotene)

β-Carotene (Provitamin A), a carotenoid compound, is a naturally-occurring vitamin A precursor. β-Carotene is a modulator of reactive oxygen species (ROS), with antioxidant and antiinflammatory activities. β-Carotene may serve as an antioxidant or as a prooxidant, depending on its intrinsic properties as well as on the redox potential of the biological environment in which it acts. β-Carotene induces breast cancer cells apoptosis, with anticancer activities^{[1][2][3][4][5]}.

β-Carotene 上调 MCF-7 癌细胞中的 PPAR-γ 表达和 ROS 产生^[3]。
β-Carotene (1-100 μM；72 小时) 以剂量依赖性方式显着降低 MCF-7 细胞的存活率^[3]。
β-Carotene (50 μM；24-72 小时) 以时间依赖性方式显着提高 PPAR-γ mRNA 和蛋白质的表达水平^[3]。
β-Carotene 以时间依赖性方式下调 COX-2 但上调 p21 mRNA 水平和蛋白质表达^[3]。
β-Carotene 显着增加早期细胞凋亡的百分比，并且这种作用被部分减弱与 GW9662 (HY-16578) 或 GSH (HY-D0187) 预孵育^[3]。
β-Carotene 诱导细胞色素 C 释放^[3]。

MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

536.87

C₄₀H₅₆

7235-40-7

固体

Brown to red

β-胡萝卜素

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

-20°C, protect from light, stored under nitrogen

*In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light, stored under nitrogen)

* 请根据产品在不同溶剂中的溶解度选择合适的溶剂配制储备液；一旦配成溶液，请分装保存，避免反复冻融造成的产品失效。
储备液的保存方式和期限：-80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light, stored under nitrogen)。-80°C储存时，请在6个月内使用，-20°C储存时，请在1个月内使用。

• [1]. Tanumihardjo, S.A., Factors influencing the conversion of carotenoids to retinol: bioavailability to bioconversion to bioefficacy. Int J Vitam Nutr Res, 2002. 72(1): p. 40-5.  [Content Brief]

  [2]. Leo, M.A., et al. Alcohol, vitamin A, and beta-carotene: adverse interactions, including hepatotoxicity and carcinogenicity. Am J Clin Nutr, 1999. 69(6): p. 1071-85.  [Content Brief]

  [3]. Yanhong Cui, et al. beta-Carotene induces apoptosis and up-regulates peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma expression and reactive oxygen species production in MCF-7 cancer cells. Eur J Cancer. 2007 Nov;43(17):2590-601.  [Content Brief]

  [4]. AKIFUMI KAWATA, et al. Anti-inflammatory Activity of β-Carotene, Lycopene and Tri-n-butylborane, a Scavenger of Reactive Oxygen Species. In Vivo. 2018 Mar-Apr; 32(2): 255-264.  [Content Brief]

  [5]. Paola Palozza, et al. Prooxidant effects of beta-carotene in cultured cells. Mol Aspects Med. 2003 Dec;24(6):353-62.  [Content Brief]