CNS Neoplasm  (神经系统肿瘤)

中枢神经系统 (CNS) 肿瘤包含多种良性和恶性肿瘤，其分子机制研究的重大进展为改善预后带来了希望。尽管取得了这些进展，但最具侵袭性的多形性胶质母细胞瘤 (GBM) 的预后仍然不佳，尤其是在老年人中，中位生存期很少超过一年。相比之下，通过风险分层和精细治疗，髓母细胞瘤等儿童肿瘤的生存率有所提高。在临床前和临床环境中持续开展研究对于实现长期控制和潜在治愈至关重要。多学科护理的整合以及临床医生和肿瘤生物学家之间的密切合作正在增强神经肿瘤学的前景，使未来充满希望。

Neoplasms of the central nervous system (CNS) comprise a diverse group of benign and malignant tumors, with significant advances in understanding their molecular underpinnings offering promise for improved outcomes. Despite these advances, prognosis remains poor for the most aggressive form, glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), particularly in older adults, where median survival rarely exceeds one year. In contrast, pediatric tumors like medulloblastoma have seen improved survival through risk stratification and refined treatments. Continued research in both preclinical and clinical settings is essential to achieve long-term control and potential cures. The integration of multidisciplinary care and close collaboration between clinicians and tumor biologists is strengthening the outlook for neuro-oncology, making the future increasingly hopeful.

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