2. Academic Validation
  3. Pharmacological properties of bivalent ligands containing butorphan linked to nalbuphine, naltrexone, and naloxone at mu, delta, and kappa opioid receptors

Pharmacological properties of bivalent ligands containing butorphan linked to nalbuphine, naltrexone, and naloxone at mu, delta, and kappa opioid receptors

  • J Med Chem. 2007 May 3;50(9):2254-8. doi: 10.1021/jm061327z.
Xuemei Peng 1,  Brian I Knapp,  Jean M Bidlack,  John L Neumeyer
Affiliations

Affiliation

  • 1 Alcohol and Drug Abuse Research Center, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 115 Mill Street, Belmont, Massachusetts 02478, USA.
PMID: 17407276 DOI: 10.1021/jm061327z
Abstract

Our investigation of bivalent ligands at mu, delta, and kappa opioid receptors is focused on the preparation of ligands containing kappa agonist and mu agonist/antagonist pharmacophores at one end joined by a chain containing the mu antagonist pharmacophores (naltrexone, naloxone, or nalbuphine) at the Other end. These ligands were evaluated in vitro by their binding affinity at mu, delta, and kappa opioid receptors and their relative efficacy in the [35S]GTPgammaS assay.

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