2. Academic Validation
  3. Identification of Selective Lead Compounds for Treatment of High-Ploidy Breast Cancer

Identification of Selective Lead Compounds for Treatment of High-Ploidy Breast Cancer

  • Mol Cancer Ther. 2016 Jan;15(1):48-59. doi: 10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-15-0527.
Alka Choudhary 1,  Brittany Zachek 1,  Robert F Lera 1,  Lauren M Zasadil 2,  Amber Lasek 1,  Ryan A Denu 1,  Hyunjung Kim 1,  Craig Kanugh 3,  Jennifer J Laffin 4,  Josephine M Harter 5,  Kari B Wisinski 1,  Sandeep Saha 6,  Beth A Weaver 2,  Mark E Burkard 7
Affiliations

Affiliations

  • 1 University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin. Hematology/Oncology Division, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin.
  • 2 University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin. Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin.
  • 3 Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin.
  • 4 Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin. Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin.
  • 5 Department of Pathology, University of Wisconsin, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin.
  • 6 University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin. Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin.
  • 7 University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin. Hematology/Oncology Division, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin. mburkard@wisc.edu.
PMID: 26586723 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-15-0527
Abstract

Increased ploidy is common in tumors but treatments for tumors with excess chromosome sets are not available. Here, we characterize high-ploidy breast cancers and identify potential Anticancer compounds selective for the high-ploidy state. Among 354 human breast cancers, 10% have mean chromosome copy number exceeding 3, and this is most common in triple-negative and HER2-positive types. Women with high-ploidy breast cancers have higher risk of recurrence and death in two patient cohorts, demonstrating that it represents an important group for improved treatment. Because high-ploidy cancers are aneuploid, rather than triploid or tetraploid, we devised a two-step screen to identify selective compounds. The screen was designed to assure both external validity on diverse karyotypic backgrounds and specificity for high-ploidy cell types. This screen identified novel therapies specific to high-ploidy cells. First, we discovered 8-azaguanine, an antimetabolite that is activated by hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase 1 (HPRT1), suggesting an elevated gene-dosage of HPRT1 in high-ploidy tumors can control sensitivity to this drug. Second, we discovered a novel compound, 2,3-diphenylbenzo[g]quinoxaline-5,10-dione (DPBQ). DPBQ activates p53 and triggers Apoptosis in a polyploid-specific manner, but does not inhibit Topoisomerase or bind DNA. Mechanistic analysis demonstrates that DPBQ elicits a hypoxia gene signature and its effect is replicated, in part, by enhancing oxidative stress. Structure-function analysis defines the core benzo[g]quinoxaline-5,10 dione as being necessary for the polyploid-specific effects of DPBQ. We conclude that polyploid breast cancers represent a high-risk subgroup and that DPBQ provides a functional core to develop polyploid-selective therapy. Mol Cancer Ther; 15(1); 48-59. ©2015 AACR.

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