1. Academic Validation
  2. Cardiolipin inhibits the non-canonical inflammasome by preventing LPS binding to caspase-4/11

Cardiolipin inhibits the non-canonical inflammasome by preventing LPS binding to caspase-4/11

  • EMBO J. 2025 Aug;44(16):4419-4442. doi: 10.1038/s44318-025-00507-z.
Malvina Pizzuto 1 2 3 Mercedes Monteleone # 4 Sabrina Sofia Burgener # 4 Jakub Began 5 Melan Kurera 6 Jing Rong Chia 4 Emmanuelle Frampton 4 Joanna Crawford 4 Monalisa Oliveira 4 Kirsten M Kenney 4 Jared R Coombs 4 Masahiro Yamamoto 7 8 Si Ming Man 6 Petr Broz 5 Pablo Pelegrin # 9 10 Kate Schroder # 4
Affiliations

Affiliations

  • 1 Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia. m.pizzuto@uq.edu.au.
  • 2 Molecular Inflammation Group, Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain. m.pizzuto@uq.edu.au.
  • 3 Structure and Function of Biological Membranes Laboratory, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium. m.pizzuto@uq.edu.au.
  • 4 Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia.
  • 5 Department of Immunobiology, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland.
  • 6 Division of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia.
  • 7 Department of Immunoparasitology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
  • 8 Laboratory of Immunoparasitology, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
  • 9 Molecular Inflammation Group, Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain.
  • 10 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology B and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain.
  • # Contributed equally.
Abstract

Caspase-4 and caspase-11 (CASP4/11) sense Bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Currently available inhibitors of CASP4/11 also block the activity of Caspase-1 (CASP1), which restricts their usefulness in the study of CASP4/11 functions, as well as their clinical potential for the treatment of LPS-linked diseases through CASP4/11 inhibition. Here, we identify mitochondrial cardiolipin as a selective inhibitor of CASP4/11-dependent cell death and inflammatory cytokine secretion, without affecting CASP1 function. Cardiolipin targets the CARD domain of CASP4/11, impeding its interaction with LPS to restrain CASP4/11 activation, thereby suppressing LPS-induced systemic inflammation in vivo. By identifying cardiolipin as a selective inhibitor of CASP4/11, we provide an urgently needed tool for studying caspase-4/11 and noncanonical inflammasome functions in inflammatory pathways and LPS-induced pathogenesis.

Keywords

Cardiolipin; Caspase-11; Caspase-4; LPS; Noncanonical Inflammasome.

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