Cytochrome c/CYCS 蛋白, Human (His)

Cytochrome c/CYCS protein is a conserved heme-containing protein, and its core function is electron transport. Cytochrome c is widely involved in physiological processes such as aerobic/anaerobic respiration, apoptosis, and antioxidation. Cytochrome c/CYCS Protein, Human (His) is the recombinant Cytochrome c/CYCS protein expressed by E. coli and carries a C-terminal 6*His tag^[1].

Cytochrome c/CYCS 蛋白作为线粒体电子传递链的核心组分，负责在细胞色素 c 还原酶与氧化酶间传递电子，推动氧化磷酸化过程及 ATP 合成。除了在电子传递中的作用外，Cytochrome c 在细胞凋亡中也发挥重要作用。Cytochrome c 会在细胞凋亡信号刺激下，从线粒体膜间隙释放至细胞质，与 APAF-1 结合形成凋亡小体，启动 Caspase 级联反应诱导细胞凋亡。此外，Cytochrome c 还参与活性氧 (ROS) 代谢调控，通过抗氧化机制维持细胞内氧化还原平衡。Cytochrome c 作为连接线粒体能量代谢与细胞凋亡的核心分子，在多种生理和病理过程中发挥关键作用^[1]。

Cytochrome c (10-20 μM; 0-150 min) 可诱导多种细胞凋亡，如正常大鼠肾上皮细胞、肾上腺皮质 Y-1 肿瘤细胞、小鼠胚胎 Swiss 3T3 成纤维细胞和 IPC-81 白血病细胞^[2]。
Cytochrome c (5 μM; 3 min-15 h) 可在大鼠肺动脉平滑肌细胞中增加 K⁺ 电流，并诱导细胞凋亡和 DNA 片段化^[3]。

Human

E. coli

C-6*His

P99999 (G2-E105)

54205  [NCBI]

Full Length of Mature Protein

GDVEKGKKIFIMKCSQCHTVEKGGKHKTGPNLHGLFGRKTGQAPGYSYTAANKNKGIIWGEDTLMEYLENPKKYIPGTKMIFVGIKKKEERADLIAYLKKATNE

Approximately 16.0 kDa

• 
  Greater than 95% as determined by reducing SDS-PAGE.

溶液.

Supplied as a 0.2 μm filtered solution of 20 mM PB, 10% Trehalose, 200 mM NaCl, 50% Glycerol, 0.05% Tween 80, pH7.0.

<1 EU/μg, determined by LAL method.

Stored at -80°C for 1 year from date of receipt. It is stable at -20°C for 3 months after opening. It is recommended to freeze aliquots at -80°C for extended storage. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

Shipping with dry ice.

• [1]. Bertini I, et al. Cytochrome c: occurrence and functions. Chem Rev. 2006 Jan;106(1):90-115.  [Content Brief]

  [2]. Zhivotovsky B, et al. Injected cytochrome c induces apoptosis. Nature. 1998 Jan 29;391(6666):449-50.  [Content Brief]

  [3]. Platoshyn O, et al. Cytochrome c activates K+ channels before inducing apoptosis. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2002 Oct;283(4):C1298-305.  [Content Brief]