1. Signaling Pathways
  2. PI3K/Akt/mTOR
    Stem Cell/Wnt
  3. GSK-3

GSK-3 (糖原合成酶激酶3)

Glycogen synthase kinase-3; Glycogen synthase kinase 3

糖原合酶激酶 3 (GSK-3) 是一种多功能丝氨酸/苏氨酸激酶,由两种亚型组成,即 α 和 β。它是受体酪氨酸激酶、细胞因子和 Wnt 信号通路的高度保守负调节剂。这些通路的刺激会抑制 GSK-3 调节各种下游效应因子,包括转录因子、营养传感器、糖原合成、线粒体功能、昼夜节律和细胞命运。GSK-3 还调节响应 T 细胞受体激活的选择性剪接,最近的磷酸化蛋白质组学研究表明,多种剪接因子和 RNA 生物合成调节因子以 GSK-3 依赖的方式进行磷酸化。

GSK-3 的功能障碍或异常活动会导致多种疾病,如阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 和其他神经退行性疾病,以及其他类型的疾病,如糖尿病、心血管疾病和癌症。GSK-3 还与针对病原体的先天免疫反应有关,这使得 GSK-3 成为治疗干预的绝佳靶点。

Glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK-3) is a multifunctional serine/threonine kinase consisting of two isoforms, alpha and beta. It is a highly conserved negative regulator of receptor tyrosine kinase, cytokine, and Wnt signaling pathways. Stimulation of these pathways inhibits GSK-3 to modulate diverse downstream effectors that include transcription factors, nutrient sensors, glycogen synthesis, mitochondrial function, circadian rhythm, and cell fate. GSK-3 also regulates alternative splicing in response to T-cell receptor activation, and recent phosphoproteomic studies have revealed that multiple splicing factors and regulators of RNA biosynthesis are phosphorylated in a GSK-3-dependent manner.

The malfunction or aberrant activity of GSK-3 leads to several of disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other neurodegenerative pathologies, and other type of diseases as diabetes, cardiovascular disorders and cancer. GSK-3 is also related to innate immune response against pathogens, which makes GSK-3 an excellent target for therapeutic intervention.

Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-121983
    CAY10594 Inhibitor 98.64%
    CAY10594 是一种口服有效的 PLD2 抑制剂,IC50 为 140 nM。CAY10594 具有抗肿瘤、抗氧化和肝保护等活性。CAY10594 可用于乳腺癌、急性肝损伤和结肠炎等疾病的研究。
    CAY10594
  • HY-116830
    BRD0705 Inhibitor 99.86%
    BRD0705 是一种有效的,具有旁系选择性和口服活性的 GSK3α 抑制剂,IC50 为 66 nM,Kd 为 4.8 μM。 BRD0705 与 GSK3β (IC50 为 515 nM) 相比,对 GSK3α 的选择性更高 (8 倍)。BRD0705 可用于急性髓细胞性白血病的研究。
    BRD0705
  • HY-N0753
    Eupalinolide B

    野马追内酯B

    Modulator 99.48%
    Eupalinolide B 是一种胚芽倍半萜。Eupalinolide B 可从 Eupatorium lindleyanum 中分离得到。 Eupalinolide B 可诱导凋亡 (Apoptosis),升高 ROS,促进自噬 (Autophagy),调节 GSK-3β/β-catenin,靶向 UBE2D3TAK1,激活 ROS-ER-JNK,抑制 NF-κBMAPKs。Eupalinolide B 对胰腺癌和肝癌具有抗癌活性。Eupalinolide B 可缓解类风湿性关节炎、急性肺损伤、牙周炎、抑郁症。
    Eupalinolide B
  • HY-15504
    RGB-286638 Inhibitor 99.70%
    RGB-286638 是一种有效的 CDK 抑制剂,抑制 cyclin T1-CDK9cyclin B1-CDK1cyclin E-CDK2cyclin D1-CDK4cyclin E-CDK3p35-CDK5 活性,IC50 分别为 1,2,3,4,5 和 5 nM;同时可抑制 GSK-3β,TAK1,Jak2MEK1IC50 值分别为 3,5,50,和 54 nM。
    RGB-286638
  • HY-40294
    Indazole Inhibitor 99.83%
    吲哚唑,又称异吲哚唑 (isoindazole),是一种杂环芳香有机化合物。其衍生物表现出广泛的生物活性,包括抗炎、抗菌、抗艾滋病、抗心律失常、抗真菌和抗肿瘤的特性。吲哚唑及其衍生物可用于癌症、神经系统疾病、心血管疾病、胃肠道疾病的研究。
    Indazole
  • HY-19807
    Indirubin-3'-monoxime Inhibitor 99.80%
    Indirubin-3'-monoxime 是一种有效的 GSK-3β 抑制剂,对 5-Lipoxygenase 的抑制作用较弱,IC50 值分别为 22 nM 和 7.8-10 µM;Indirubin-3'-monoxime 同时对 CDK5/p25 和 CDK1/cyclin B 也有较强作用,IC50 值分别为 100 和 180 nM。
    Indirubin-3'-monoxime
  • HY-W592871
    10-Hydroxy-2-decenoic acid

    10-羟基-2-癸烯酸

    Inhibitor 99.99%
    10-Hydroxy-2-decenoic acid (10-HDA) 是一种具有多种生理活性的口服不饱和中链脂肪酸。10-Hydroxy-2-decenoic acid 可诱导 A549 细胞中 ROS 介导的细胞凋亡 (apoptosis)。10-Hydroxy-2-decenoic acid 可抑制 VEGF 诱导的人静脉内皮细胞血管生成。10-Hydroxy-2-decenoic acid 通过激活 AMPK-α 信号通路缓解非酒精性脂肪性肝病 (NAFLD)。10-Hydroxy-2-decenoic acid 通过抑制 FFAR4 下游的 NF-κB 信号通路来防止骨质流失。10-Hydroxy-2-decenoic acid 是一种抗生素,可对抗多种细菌 (bacteria) 和真菌 (fungi),例如嗜食脉孢菌、霉菌和金黄色葡萄球菌。10-Hydroxy-2-decenoic acid 对秀丽隐杆线虫具有延年益寿的作用。10-Hydroxy-2-decenoic acid 通过靶向天冬氨酰 β 羟化酶并抑制软骨细胞衰老来预防骨关节炎。
    10-Hydroxy-2-decenoic acid
  • HY-153089
    GSK3-IN-3 Inhibitor 99.22%
    GSK3-IN-3 是一种线粒体自噬 (mitophagy) 诱导剂,可诱导帕金依赖性线粒体自噬。GSK3-IN-3 也是一种 GSK-3 抑制剂,IC50 值为 3.01 μM。 GSK3-IN-3 具有非 ATP 和非底物竞争性,对 6-OHDA 有神经保护作用。
    GSK3-IN-3
  • HY-134575
    C24:1-Ceramide 99.89%
    C24:1-神经酰胺是最丰富的天然存在的神经酰胺之一。神经酰胺调节许多不同的生物活动,例如细胞凋亡 (apoptosis)、细胞分化、平滑肌细胞增殖和线粒体呼吸链的抑制。
    C24:1-Ceramide
  • HY-100618
    Hispidin 99.94%
    Hispidin 是一种 PKC 抑制剂,是一种可在 Phellinus linteus 的被发现的酚类化合物,具有很强的抗氧化、抗癌、抗糖尿病和抗痴呆作用。
    Hispidin
  • HY-108359
    Alsterpaullone Inhibitor 99.85%
    Alsterpaullone (9-Nitropaullone) 是一种高效的 CDK 抑制剂,作用于 CDK1/cyclin BCDK2/cyclin ACDK2/cyclin ECDK5/p35IC50 值分别为 35 nM、15 nM、200 nM 和 40 nM。Alsterpaullone 是 ATP 竞争性的 GSK-3alpha/GSK-3beta 抑制剂,且作用的 IC50 值都为 4 nM。Alsterpaullone 具有抗肿瘤活性,有用于神经退行性和增生性疾病研究的潜力。Alsterpaullon 诱导白血病细胞凋亡 (apoptosis)。
    Alsterpaullone
  • HY-122026
    PF-04802367 Inhibitor 98.43%
    PF-04802367 (PF-367) 是一种高选择性 GSK-3 抑制剂,对 GSK-3β 酶的 IC50 为 2.1 nM。PF-04802367 具有理想的中枢神经系统 (CNS) 特性和效力。PF-04802367 抑制两种 GSK-3 亚型(GSK-3αGSK-3β)效果差不多, IC50 值分别为 10.0 和 9.0 nM。
    PF-04802367
  • HY-103221
    MeBIO Inhibitor ≥98.0%
    MeBIO 是一种有效的 AhR 激动剂,其 IC50 分别为 44 μM (GSK-3) 和 55 μM (CDK1/cyclin b)。
    MeBIO
  • HY-P4858
    C-Peptide 1 (rat) Activator 99.80%
    C-Peptide 1 (rat) 是一种肽,是 β-catenin/GSK-3β 激活剂。C-Peptide 1 (rat) 可调节 Wnt/β-catenin 信号通路。C-Peptide 1 (rat) 可用于癌症研究。
    C-Peptide 1 (rat)
  • HY-W013812
    Ethyl linoleate

    亚油酸乙酯

    Inhibitor 99.69%
    Ethyl linoleate (Linoleic Acid ethyl ester) 是一种口服活性不饱和脂肪酸。Ethyl linoleate 抑制 Akt/GSK3β/β-catenin 信号通路和 NF-κB 的激活。Ethyl linoleate 诱导 heme oxygenase-1,抑制 tyrosinase。Ethyl linoleate 具有美白和抗炎功效。Ethyl linoleate 促进化合物吸收。Ethyl linoleate 对动脉粥样硬化有显著影响。Ethyl linoleate 用于炎症性疾病的研究。Ethyl linoleate 可用于化妆品。
    Ethyl linoleate
  • HY-131447
    KY19382 Inhibitor ≥98.0%
    KY19382 是一种有效的和具有口服活性的 CXXC5-DVLGSK3β 的双重抑制剂,IC50 值分别为 19 和 10 nM。KY19382 通过对 CXXC5-DVL 相互作用和 GSK3β 活性的抑制作用激活 Wnt/β-catenin 信号传导。KY19382 可用于高脂饮食 (HFD) 诱发的代谢性疾病的研究。
    KY19382
  • HY-139324
    Cu(II)GTSM Inhibitor
    Cu(II)GTSM 是一种细胞通透性铜复合物,可显著抑制 GSK3β。Cu(II)GTSM 抑制 Amyloid-β 寡聚体 (AβOs),降低 tau 磷酸化。Cu(II)GTSM 也降低了 Amyloid-β 三聚体的丰度。Cu(II)GTSM 可以被作为一种潜在的抗癌和抗菌剂。
    Cu(II)GTSM
  • HY-156831
    Lixosicone Inhibitor 99.56%
    Lixosicone 是大麻素受体 1 (cannabinoid receptor 1) 信号传导特异性抑制剂 (CB1-SSi)。 Lixosicone 在大麻滥用 (CUD) 中发挥着重要作用。
    Lixosicone
  • HY-B1619
    Cromolyn

    色甘酸

    Inhibitor 99.91%
    Cromolyn (Cromoglycate) 是一种口服有效的 GSK-3β 抑制剂,IC50 为 2.0 μM。Cromolyn 也是一种肥大细胞稳定剂,能抑制肥大细胞释放介质、调节反射性支气管收缩和降低非特异性支气管高反应性,可用支气管哮喘的研究。此外,Cromolyn 还具有抗炎、抗过敏、抗组胺、抗肿瘤和神经保护等多种活性。
    Cromolyn
  • HY-124607B
    BRD3731 Inhibitor 99.18%
    BRD3731 是一种选择性的 GSK3β 抑制剂,抑制 GSK3β 和 GSK3α 的 IC50 值分别为 15 nM 和 215 nM。BRD3731 有潜力用于创伤后应激障碍 (PTSD) 精神障碍、糖尿病和神经退行性障碍的研究。
    BRD3731
目录号 产品名 / 同用名 种属 表达系统
目录号 产品名 / 同用名 应用 反应物种

Glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK-3) is a multifunctional serine/threonine kinase found in all eukaryotes. GSK-3 is one of the few signaling mediators that play central roles in a diverse range of signaling pathways, including those activated by Wnt, PI3K, growth factors, cytokines, and ligands for G protein-coupled receptors. The PI3K pathway is known for regulating metabolism, cell growth, and cell survival. The PI3K activity is stimulated by diverse oncogenes and growth factor receptors. PI3K-mediated production of PIP3 leads to the activation of Akt. The activation of Akt leads to the phosphorylation of GSK-3, which is active in resting cells, but is inactivated by the phosphorylation. The GSK-3 has been linked to the regulation of an assembly of transcription factors, including β-catenin, NF-κB, c-Jun, CREB, and STAT. Thus, the altered activity of GSK-3 causes various effects on cytokine expression. 

 

In the absence of Wnt signaling, β-catenin is phosphorylated by CK1 and GSK-3. This phosphorylation leads to recognition by β-TrCP, leading to the ubiquitylation of β-catenin and degradation by the proteasome. Upon binding of a lipid-modified Wnt protein to the receptor complex, a signaling cascade is initiated. LRP is phosphorylated by CK1/CK2 and GSK-3, and Axin is recruited to the plasma membrane. The kinases in the β-catenin destruction complex are inactivated and β-catenin translocates to the nucleus to form an active transcription factor complex with TCF, leading to transcription of a large set of target genes.

 

Some endogenous growth factors could bind to and activate the tyrosine kinase receptor. This facilitates the recruitment of other proteins (SHC, SOS), which results in the activation of the ERK-MAPK cascade and the inhibition of GSK-3. GSK-3 exerts many cellular effects: it regulates cytoskeletal proteins, and is important in determining cell survival/cell death. GSK-3 has also been identified as a target for the actions of lithium. GSK-3 can inhibit glycogen synthase, the enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of glucose from UDPG to glycogen[1][2].

 

Reference:

[1]. Brenner D, et al. Regulation of tumour necrosis factor signalling: live or let die.Nat Rev Immunol. 2015 Jun;15(6):362-74. 
[2]. Conrad M, et al. Regulated necrosis: disease relevance and therapeutic opportunities.Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2016 May;15(5):348-66. 

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