Bronchitis  (支气管炎)

支气管炎是支气管的炎症，其特征是咳嗽、咳痰，以及呼吸急促、喘息、低烧和胸闷等相关症状。支气管炎可分为急性和慢性，急性支气管炎通常由病毒感染引起，例如导致感冒和流感的病毒感染，但细菌感染也可能引发支气管炎。治疗主要集中在休息、补水和缓解症状，例如使用阿司匹林或对乙酰氨基酚等退烧药物；只有在确诊细菌感染后才会使用抗生素。大多数病例无需特殊治疗即可在几周内痊愈。

Bronchitis is an inflammation of the bronchial tubes, characterized by coughing, mucus production, and associated symptoms such as shortness of breath, wheezing, low fever, and chest tightness. It may be acute or chronic, with acute bronchitis commonly caused by viral infections like those responsible for colds and flu, though bacterial infections can also trigger it. Treatment focuses on rest, hydration, and symptomatic relief using medications like aspirin or acetaminophen for fever; antibiotics are only prescribed when a bacterial cause is confirmed. Most cases resolve within a few weeks without specific treatment.

参考文献: