Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia  (慢性粒细胞白血病)

慢性粒细胞白血病（BCR-ABL1阳性）是一种慢性骨髓增生性肿瘤，其特征是存在BCR-ABL1融合基因，导致髓系细胞不受控制地增殖。该病常见于中老年人，表现为疲劳、体重减轻、贫血、盗汗、脾肿大以及中性粒细胞增多等症状。该病通常始于慢性期，未经治疗可能进展至加速期或急变期。治疗包括使用酪氨酸激酶抑制剂靶向BCR-ABL1蛋白，显著提高生存率，部分病例可进行异基因干细胞移植。

Chronic myelogenous leukemia, BCR-ABL1 positive, is a chronic myeloproliferative neoplasm characterized by the presence of the BCR-ABL1 fusion gene, leading to uncontrolled proliferation of myeloid cells. It commonly affects middle-aged and older adults, presenting with symptoms such as fatigue, weight loss, anemia, night sweats, and splenomegaly, along with neutrophilic leukocytosis. The disease typically begins in a chronic phase, which may progress to an accelerated phase or blast crisis without treatment. Management involves tyrosine kinase inhibitors to target the BCR-ABL1 protein, significantly improving survival, alongside allogeneic stem cell transplantation in select cases.

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