1. Immunology/Inflammation NF-κB Apoptosis
  2. Toll-like Receptor (TLR) NF-κB Caspase TNF Receptor Interleukin Related
  3. GlcNAc-MurNAc

GlcNAc-MurNAc 是一种二糖和一种温和的 TLR4 激动剂,对小鼠 TLR4 的 Kd 为 383 μM。GlcNAc-MurNAc 直接与 TLR4 结合,并激活其下游的 NF-κB 和 IRF 通路。GlcNAc-MurNAc 通过 TLR4 依赖性机制改善 Dextran sulfate sodium salt (DSS) (HY-116282C) 诱导的小鼠结肠炎。GlcNAc-MurNAc 可用于炎症性肠病的研究。

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GlcNAc-MurNAc

GlcNAc-MurNAc Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 4500-70-3

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  • 生物活性

  • 纯度 & 产品资料

  • 参考文献

生物活性

GlcNAc-MurNAc, a disaccharide, is a TLR4 agonist with a Kd of 383 μM for murine TLR4. GlcNAc-MurNAc directly binds to TLR4 and activates its downstream NF-κB and IRF pathways. GlcNAc-MurNAc improves Dextran sulfate sodium salt (DSS) (HY-116282C)-induced colitis in mice through a TLR4-dependent mechanism. GlcNAc-MurNAc can be used for the study of inflammatory bowel disease[1].

IC50 & Target[1]

TLR4

383 μM (Kd)

NF-κB

 

IL-6

 

IL-12

 

IL-1α

 

体外研究
(In Vitro)

GlcNAc-MurNAc (GM) (1-8 mM, 24 h) 在 RAW264.7、BMDMs 和 THP-1 细胞中通过不依赖于 NOD 的机制而具有免疫活性[1]
GlcNAc-MurNAc (4 mM, 24 h) 依赖 TLR4 来激活野生型骨髓源性巨噬细胞 (BMDMs) 的免疫反应[1]

MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

ELISA Assay[1]

Cell Line: RAW264.7, BMDMs and THP-1 cells
Concentration: 1, 2, 4 mM for RAW264.7 cells; 2, 4, 8 mM for BMDMs and THP-1 cells
Incubation Time: 24 h
Result: Upregulated expression and production of proinflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-6.
Appeared less potent monosaccharide M.
Suppressed TNF-α production in RAW264.7 cells with the addition of TAK-242, a selective TLR4 inhibitor.

RT-PCR[1]

Cell Line: WT and Tlr4-/- BMDMs
Concentration: 4 mM
Incubation Time: 24 h
Result: Significantly upregulated some cytokine and chemokine genes, including IL12a/b, IL6, IL1a/b, Csf3, Ccl5, and Cxcl1 in WT cells but failed in Tlr4-/- cells.
体内研究
(In Vivo)

GlcNAc-MurNAc (GM) (10 mg/kg, i.p., once daily for 9 days) 以TLR 4依赖性机制减轻 DSS 诱导的小鼠结肠炎[1]

MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Model: DSS-induced colitis model established in 7-9 weeks WT and Tlr4-/- C57BL/6 J mice[1]
Dosage: 10 mg/kg
Administration: Intraperitoneal injection (i.p.), once daily for 9 days (2 days before the DDS water administration)
Result: Alleviated colitis in WT mice, as evidenced by reduced body weight loss and colonic shortening in WT group.
Significantly reduced monocytes and neutrophils, in the colonic lamina propria in WT group.
Suppressed colonic expressions of proinflammatory genes, such as Tnfa, IL1b, and Ccl2 in WT group.
Restored the elevation of inflammatory markers, including IL-6, IFN-β, IL-27, IL-10, and IL-23 in WT group.
Failed to prevent weight loss and colonic shortening in Tlr4-/- group.
分子量

496.46

Formula

C19H32N2O13

CAS 号
运输条件

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

储存方式

Please store the product under the recommended conditions in the Certificate of Analysis.

纯度 & 产品资料
参考文献
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  • 稀释计算器

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Help & FAQs
  • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

    Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

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产品名称:
GlcNAc-MurNAc
目录号:
HY-175222
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