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  4. Deoxynivalenol

Deoxynivalenol  (Synonyms: 脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇; Vomitoxin)

目录号: HY-N6684 纯度: 99.39%
COA 产品使用指南

Deoxynivalenol是单端孢菌素家族 (trichothecenes family) 中一种具有口服活性的真菌毒素,通过紧密连接处的细胞旁路来穿过肠粘膜。Deoxynivalenol 转运不受P-糖蛋白 (PgP) 或多药耐药相关蛋白 (MRPs) 抑制剂的影响。

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Deoxynivalenol Chemical Structure

Deoxynivalenol Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 51481-10-8

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Customer Review

Other Forms of Deoxynivalenol:

    Deoxynivalenol purchased from MCE. Usage Cited in: Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2022 Nov 11;248:114276.  [Abstract]

    DON exposure results in the decrease of the expression levels of occludin and claudin-1 in duodenum of mice.
    • 生物活性

    • 纯度 & 产品资料

    • 参考文献

    生物活性

    Deoxynivalenol, an orally active mycotoxin of the trichothecenes family, crosses the intestinal mucosa by a paracellular pathway through the tight junctions. The Deoxynivalenol transport is not affected by P-glycoprotein (PgP) or multidrug resistance-associated proteins (MRPs) inhibitors[1].

    体外研究
    (In Vitro)

    Deoxynivalenol (0-2 μg/mL, 24 h) 会引发 Caco-2 细胞中丝裂原激活蛋白激酶 (MAPKs) Erk1/2、p38 和 SAPK/JNK 的磷酸化[1]
    Deoxynivalenol (100-4000 ng/mL, 24-72 h) 在 500-4000 ng/mL 剂量下孵育 48 小时和 72 小时后,会降低 IPEC-1 和 IPEC-J2 细胞的活力[2]
    Deoxynivalenol (0-4000 ng/mL, 24-72 h) 在 IPEC-1 和 IPEC-J2 细胞中,浓度为 200 ng/mL 时增加BrdU 的掺入,浓度为2000-4000 ng/mL时减少 BrdU 的掺入[2]

    MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

    Cell Viability Assay[2]

    Cell Line: IPEC-1 and IPEC-J2 cells
    Concentration: 100-4000 ng/mL
    Incubation Time: 24-72 h
    Result: Reduced the cell count in a time and dose dependent.
    Increased LDH signals in IPEC-1 after 48 h and 72 h incubation with 2000 ng/mL and in IPEC-J2 after 48 h incubation with 2000 ng/mL.
    Reduced NR uptake in IPEC-1 and IPEC-J2 cells at the doses of 2000 ng/mL.
    Decreased the MTT signal in IPEC-1 to 60% and 40% of the control after 48 h and 72 h at the doses of 2000 ng/mL.
    Decreased the MTT signal in IPEC-J2 to 70% and 58% of the control after 48 h and 72 h at the doses of 2000 ng/mL.

    Cell Proliferation Assay[1]

    Cell Line: Caco-2 cells
    Concentration: 0-10 μg/mL
    Incubation Time: 48 h
    Result: Inhibited the proliferation of cells in a dose-dependent manner.

    Cell Cycle Analysis[2]

    Cell Line: IPEC-1 and IPEC-J2 cells
    Concentration: 200-2000 ng/mL
    Incubation Time: 24-72 h
    Result: Increased percentages of pre-G1, S and G2/M phases and decreased of the G0/G1 phase in response to 2000 ng/mL after 48 h in IPEC-1 cells.
    Decreased the G0/G1 phase in IPEC-J2 cell at the doses of 2000 ng/mL after 48 h.
    Increased the percentage of pre-G1 in IPEC-1 cells after 72 h.
    Increased the G2/M phase in IPEC-1 and IPEC-J2 cells at the doses of 2000 ng/mL after 72 h.

    Apoptosis Analysis[2]

    Cell Line: IPEC-1 and IPEC-J2 cells
    Concentration: 200-2000 ng/mL
    Incubation Time: 6-72 h
    Result: Increased the caspase 3 activity after 6 h, 8 h, 48 h and 72 h of incubation with 2000 ng/mL.
    Reduced the caspase 3 activity to the control level after 24 h of incubation with 2000 ng/mL.

    Western Blot Analysis[1]

    Cell Line: Caco-2 cells
    Concentration: 2 μg/mL
    Incubation Time: 5-240 min
    Result: Increased the phosphorylation of Erk1/Erk2 during 5 min.
    Increased the phosphorylation of p38 from 5 to 30 min.

    Western Blot Analysis[2]

    Cell Line: IPEC-1 and IPEC-J2 cells
    Concentration: 200-2000 ng/mL
    Incubation Time: 48 h
    Result: Reduced the protein level of ZO-1 at the doses of 2000 ng/mL.
    体内研究
    (In Vivo)

    Deoxynivalenol (0-5 mg/kg, 灌胃, 每日一次, 14 天) 会以剂量相关的方式增加流涎过多的妊娠大鼠的数量[3]
    Deoxynivalenol (0-5 mg/kg, 灌胃, 每日一次, 14 天) 在 5 mg/kg 剂量下会导致大鼠胎儿胸骨发育异常[3]
    Deoxynivalenol (10-1000 mg/kg; 口服, 腹腔注射; 一次) 对 B6C3F1 小鼠的 LD50 值估计为 78 mg/kg (口服) 和 49 mg/kg (腹腔注射)[4]
    Deoxynivalenol (2-20 mg/kg, 口服, 每日一次, 4 周) 以剂量依赖性方式增加血浆浓度,并减少 B6C3F1 小鼠的体重增加[5]
    1.19
    药代动力学分析[5]

    Route Dose (mg/kg) Plasma T1/2α (min) Plasma T1/2β (h) Liver T1/2α (min) Liver T1/2β (h) Kidney T1/2α (min) Kidney T1/2β (h) Spleen T1/2α (min) Spleen T1/2β (h) Heart T1/2α (min) Heart T1/2β (h)
    p.o. 25 20.4 11.8 22 19 47 20.9 29 9 41 12.3

    MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

    Animal Model: Pregnant rats[3]
    Dosage: 0-5 mg/kg
    Administration: i.g., daily, 14 days
    Result: Reduced feed consumption and mean body weight gain in the 5 mg/kg group .
    Reduced feed consumption in the 2.5 mg/kg group during 8-14 days.
    Decreased the number of viable fetuses at 5 mg/kg.
    Reduced fetal body weight and crown-rump length at 2.5 and 5 mg/kg.
    Increased the incidence of runts and the average number of fetuses per litter with internal anomalies at 2.5 and 5 mg/kg.
    Increased the incidence of misaligned and fused sternebrae at 5 mg/kg.
    Increased the ratios of liver-to-body-weight and kidneys-to-body-weight.
    分子量

    296.32

    Formula

    C15H20O6

    CAS 号
    性状

    固体

    颜色

    White to off-white

    中文名称

    脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇

    结构分类
    初始来源

    Fusarium specie

    运输条件

    Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

    储存方式
    Powder -20°C 3 years
    In solvent -80°C 6 months
    -20°C 1 month
    溶解性数据
    In Vitro: 

    Ethanol 中的溶解度 : 30 mg/mL (101.24 mM; 超声加热助溶)

    DMSO 中的溶解度 : 25 mg/mL (84.37 mM; 超声加热助溶; 吸湿的 DMSO 对产品的溶解度有显著影响,请使用新开封的 DMSO)

    配制储备液
    浓度 溶剂体积 质量 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
    1 mM 3.3747 mL 16.8736 mL 33.7473 mL
    5 mM 0.6749 mL 3.3747 mL 6.7495 mL
    查看完整储备液配制表

    * 请根据产品在不同溶剂中的溶解度选择合适的溶剂配制储备液;一旦配成溶液,请分装保存,避免反复冻融造成的产品失效
    储备液的保存方式和期限:-80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month。-80°C储存时,请在6个月内使用,-20°C储存时,请在1个月内使用。

    • 摩尔计算器

    • 稀释计算器

    Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

    质量
    =
    浓度
    ×
    体积
    ×
    分子量 *

    Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

    This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

    浓度 (start)

    C1

    ×
    体积 (start)

    V1

    =
    浓度 (final)

    C2

    ×
    体积 (final)

    V2

    In Vivo:

    请根据您的 实验动物和给药方式 选择适当的溶解方案。

    以下溶解方案都请先按照 In Vitro 方式配制澄清的储备液,再依次添加助溶剂:
    ——为保证实验结果的可靠性,澄清的储备液可以根据储存条件,适当保存;体内实验的工作液,建议您现用现配,当天使用
    以下溶剂前显示的百分比是指该溶剂在您配制终溶液中的体积占比;如在配制过程中出现沉淀、析出现象,可以通过加热和/或超声的方式助溶

    • 方案 一

      请依序添加每种溶剂: 10% DMSO    40% PEG300    5% Tween-80    45% Saline

      Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (8.44 mM); 澄清溶液

      此方案可获得 ≥ 2.5 mg/mL(饱和度未知)的澄清溶液。

      1 mL 工作液为例,取 100 μL 25.0 mg/mL 的澄清 DMSO 储备液加到 400 μL PEG300 中,混合均匀;再向上述体系中加入 50 μL Tween-80,混合均匀;然后再继续加入 450 μL 生理盐水 定容至 1 mL

      生理盐水的配制:将 0.9 g 氯化钠,溶解于 ddH₂O 并定容至 100 mL,可以得到澄清透明的生理盐水溶液。
    • 方案 二

      请依序添加每种溶剂: 10% DMSO    90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

      Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (8.44 mM); 澄清溶液

      此方案可获得 ≥ 2.5 mg/mL(饱和度未知)的澄清溶液。

      1 mL 工作液为例,取 100 μL 25.0 mg/mL 的澄清 DMSO 储备液加到 900 μL 20% 的 SBE-β-CD 生理盐水水溶液 中,混合均匀。

      20% SBE-β-CD in Saline 的配制(4°C,储存一周):2 g SBE-β-CD(磺丁基醚 β-环糊精)粉末定容于 10 mL 的生理盐水中,完全溶解至澄清透明。
    动物溶解方案计算器
    请输入动物实验的基本信息:

    给药剂量

    mg/kg

    动物的平均体重

    g

    每只动物的给药体积

    μL

    动物数量

    由于实验过程有损耗,建议您多配一只动物的量
    请输入您的动物体内配方组成:
    %
    DMSO +
    +
    %
    Tween-80 +
    %
    Saline
    如果您的动物是免疫缺陷鼠或者体弱鼠,建议 DMSO 中的在最后工作液体系中的占比尽量不超过 2%。
    方案所需 助溶剂 包括:DMSO ,均可在 MCE 网站选购。 Tween 80,均可在 MCE 网站选购。
    计算结果
    工作液所需浓度 : mg/mL
    储备液配制方法 : mg 药物溶于 μL  DMSO(母液浓度为 mg/mL)。
    您所需的储备液浓度超过该产品的实测溶解度,以下方案仅供参考,如有需要,请与 MCE 中国技术支持联系。
    动物实验体内工作液的配制方法 : 取 μL DMSO 储备液,加入 μL  μL ,混合均匀至澄清,再加 μL Tween 80,混合均匀至澄清,再加 μL 生理盐水
    连续给药周期超过半月以上,请谨慎选择该方案。
    请确保第一步储备液溶解至澄清状态,从左到右依次添加助溶剂。您可采用超声加热 (超声清洗仪,建议频次 20-40 kHz),涡旋吹打等方式辅助溶解。
    纯度 & 产品资料

    纯度: 99.39%

    参考文献

    完整储备液配制表

    * 请根据产品在不同溶剂中的溶解度选择合适的溶剂配制储备液;一旦配成溶液,请分装保存,避免反复冻融造成的产品失效
    储备液的保存方式和期限:-80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month。-80°C储存时,请在6个月内使用,-20°C储存时,请在1个月内使用。

    可选溶剂 浓度 溶剂体积 质量 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
    DMSO / Ethanol 1 mM 3.3747 mL 16.8736 mL 33.7473 mL 84.3682 mL
    5 mM 0.6749 mL 3.3747 mL 6.7495 mL 16.8736 mL
    10 mM 0.3375 mL 1.6874 mL 3.3747 mL 8.4368 mL
    15 mM 0.2250 mL 1.1249 mL 2.2498 mL 5.6245 mL
    20 mM 0.1687 mL 0.8437 mL 1.6874 mL 4.2184 mL
    25 mM 0.1350 mL 0.6749 mL 1.3499 mL 3.3747 mL
    30 mM 0.1125 mL 0.5625 mL 1.1249 mL 2.8123 mL
    40 mM 0.0844 mL 0.4218 mL 0.8437 mL 2.1092 mL
    50 mM 0.0675 mL 0.3375 mL 0.6749 mL 1.6874 mL
    60 mM 0.0562 mL 0.2812 mL 0.5625 mL 1.4061 mL
    80 mM 0.0422 mL 0.2109 mL 0.4218 mL 1.0546 mL
    Ethanol 100 mM 0.0337 mL 0.1687 mL 0.3375 mL 0.8437 mL
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      Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

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    目录号:
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