TGF beta 3/TGFB3 蛋白, Human/Mouse/Rat (HEK293)

TGF-β3 (transforming growth factor-β3) is a member of a TGF­-beta superfamily subgroup that performs many cellular functions. TGF-β3 has a role in embryogenesis and cell differentiation. TGF-β3 also plays a critical role in palatogenesis, the wound healing process. TGF-β3 is capable of binding directly to the type II receptor (TβRII)^[1][2]. TGF beta 3/TGFB3 Protein, Human/Mouse/Rat (HEK293) is produced in HEK293 cells, and consists of 112 amino acids (A301-S412).

在哺乳动物中发现了三种 TGF-β 同工型：TGF-β1、2 和 3，它们在结构和功能上相似。TGF-β3 在胚胎发育、胚胎损伤无疤痕修复、成人伤口愈合和组织稳态中发挥着重要作用。它在调节细胞迁移、血管生成、上皮间质转化、细胞凋亡、免疫功能调节、细胞外基质（ECM）产生和ECM重塑调节等方面具有重要作用；肿瘤生长和维持通常需要的生物过程^[1][2]。
与该家族的所有成员一样，TGF-β3 高度保守跨物种，小鼠、大鼠和人类 TGF-β3 表现出 >97% 的序列同源性。
TGF-β3 通过整合素从 LAP 释放：整合素结合导致 LAP 链扭曲，随后释放活性 TGF -β3。TGF-β3 能够直接与 II 型受体 (TβRII) 结合。TGF-β3 表达在胎儿伤口愈合过程中增加，减少纤连蛋白以及 I 型和 III 型胶原蛋白的沉积，还可以改善新真皮的结构。成纤维细胞是伤口愈合过程中的关键细胞。此外，TGF-β3实际上可能在皮肤、乳腺、口腔和胃粘膜等一系列组织中发挥抗肿瘤发生的保护作用。与 TGF-β1 和 TGF-β2 相比，TGF-β3 是人类角质形成细胞中 DNA 合成更有效的抑制剂。TGF-β3 mRNA 在 CD4⁺ T 细胞、CD8⁺ T 细胞、γδT 细胞和 B 细胞等淋巴细胞中表达。TGF-β3 具有通过抑制 B 细胞来调节系统性自身免疫性疾病的潜力。此外，在腭发育过程中，TGF-β3 应该通过典型的 Smad 依赖性和非典型的 Smad 独立信号转导信号。在人 B 细胞中，TGF-β3 诱导 Smad1/5 以及 Smad2 和 Smad3^[1][2][3] 磷酸化。
TGF-β3参与细胞分化、胚胎发生和发育。TGF-β3 在组织再生和无疤组织修复中至关重要。TGF-β3 还参与腭发育、软骨形成和肺部发育。此外，TGF-β3 在癌症和免疫疾病中也发挥着重要作用^[1][2][3]。

Recombinant TGF-β3 (0.01-10 ng/mL) induces fibronectin expression in leiomyoma cells and directly stimulates leiomyoma cell proliferation^[4].
Recombinant TGF-β3 (0.5 ng/mL) promotes mRNA expression, and increased protein levels of osteocalcin (OCN) and type I collagen (COL I) in mouse pulpal mesenchymal cells. TGF-β3 also induces the expression of dentin sialophosphoprotein and dentin matrix protein 1^[5].
Recombinant TGF-β3 (0.005-3 ng/mL) adds to rat Sertoli cells cultured in vitro on Matrigel-coated bicameral units perturbed the inter-Sertoli tight junction (TJ) permeability barrier dose-dependently. Moreover, the presence of TGF-β3 also inhibits the transient and/or basal expression of several TJ-associated proteins, which include occludin, zonula occludens-1, and claudin-11 when inter-Sertoli TJs are being assembled in vitro^[8].

Recombinant TGF-β3 (1 μg/kg; i.p; once every week) decelerates the progress of radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis and hindered the recruitment of fibrocytes to lung in radiation-induced mouse pulmonary fibrosis^[6].
Recombinant TGF-β3 (local infiltration (0.5 μg, 1.0 μg, 2.5 μg, and 50 μg) or intravenous application (500 μg/kg); for 7 days) treatment accelerates gastric ulcer healing in rats^[7].

1.The ED₅₀ is <0.2 ng/mL as measured in a cell proliferation assay using mouse HT-2 cells.
2.Measured by its ability to inhibit the IL-4-dependent proliferation of TF-1 mouse T cells. The ED₅₀ for this effect is 10-80 pg/mL.

Human; Rat; Mouse

HEK293

Tag Free

P10600 (A301-S412,Y340F)

7043  [NCBI]

ALDTNYCFRNLEENCCVRPLYIDFRQDLGWKWVHEPKGYFANFCSGPCPYLRSADTTHSTVLGLYNTLNPEASASPCCVPQDLEPLTILYYVGRTPKVEQLSNMVVKSCKCS

Approximately 12.7 kDa

Greater than 95% as determined by reducing SDS-PAGE.

无菌粉末

Lyophilized after extensive dialysis against 4 mM HCl or 50 mM Glycine-HCl, 150 mM NaCl, pH 2.5.

<1 EU/μg, determined by LAL method.

It is not recommended to reconstitute to a concentration less than 100 μg/mL in ddH₂O. For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% BSA, 5% HSA, 10% FBS or 5% Trehalose).

Stored at -20°C for 2 years. After reconstitution, it is stable at 4°C for 1 week or -20°C for longer (with carrier protein). It is recommended to freeze aliquots at -20°C or -80°C for extended storage.

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

• [1]. Mahmoudi Rad M, et al. Expression of TGF-β3 in isolated fibroblasts from foreskin. Rep Biochem Mol Biol. 2015 Apr;3(2):76-81.  [Content Brief]

  [2]. Laverty HG, et al. TGF-beta3 and cancer: a review. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 2009 Aug;20(4):305-17.  [Content Brief]

  [3]. Toshihiko Komai, et al. Reevaluation of Pluripotent Cytokine TGF-β3 in Immunity. Int J Mol Sci. 2018 Aug 1;19(8):2261.  [Content Brief]

  [4]. A Arici, et al. Transforming growth factor-beta3 is expressed at high levels in leiomyoma where it stimulates fibronectin expression and cell proliferation. Fertil Steril. 2000 May;73(5):1006-11.  [Content Brief]

  [5]. Muhetaer Huojia, et al. TGF-beta3 induces ectopic mineralization in fetal mouse dental pulp during tooth germ development. Dev Growth Differ. 2005 Apr;47(3):141-52.  [Content Brief]

  [6]. Long Xu, et al. Transforming growth factor β3 attenuates the development of radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice by decreasing fibrocyte recruitment and regulating IFN-γ/IL-4 balance. Immunol Lett. 2014 Nov;162(1 Pt A):27-33.  [Content Brief]

  [7]. S Coerper, et al. Recombinant human transforming growth factor beta 3 accelerates gastric ulcer healing in rats. Scand J Gastroenterol. 1997 Oct;32(10):985-90.  [Content Brief]

  [8]. W Y Lui, et al. Transforming growth factor-beta3 perturbs the inter-Sertoli tight junction permeability barrier in vitro possibly mediated via its effects on occludin, zonula occludens-1, and claudin-11. Endocrinology. 2001 May;142(5):1865-77.  [Content Brief]