IL-1 alpha 蛋白, Human (HEK293)

IL-1 alpha is a ubiquitous and pivotal pro-inflammatory cytokine. IL-1 alpha is produced by monocytes and macrophages as a proprotein, which is proteolytically processed and released in response to cell injury, and thus induces apoptosis. IL-1 alpha plays an important role in inflammation and bridges the innate and adaptive immune systems. IL-1 alpha mediates the activation of NF-kappa-B and the three MAPK pathways p38, p42/p44 and JNK pathways^[1][4]. IL-1 alpha protein, Human (HEK293) is a recombinant protein consisting of 159 amino acids (S113-A271) and is produced by HEK293 cells.

IL-1 α（白细胞介素 1 α）是 IL-1 的主要激动剂。特别是IL-1α存在于所有间充质细胞中，富含IL-1α的细胞构成具有屏障功能的组织，如皮肤中的角质形成细胞、肺中的2型上皮细胞、整个胃肠道的上皮、内皮细胞血管中的星形胶质细胞^[1]。
IL-1α 的前体 (ProIL-1α) 由 Ca²⁺- 加工依赖性蛋白酶钙蛋白酶（包括 caspase-1）转化为成熟的 17 kDa 形式和 16 kDa N 端裂解产物 - IL-1α 的前体，也称为 IL-1α N 端肽 (IL-1NTP)。潜在形式的钙蛋白酶在炎症条件下的细胞中被激活，尤其是在细胞质膜完整性丧失（坏死过程中发生）时。IL-1α 前体和成熟 IL-1α 与 IL-1R 结合，诱导 IL-6 和 TNF 的分泌^[5]。
IL-1α 充当“警报器”，作为组织炎症的主要推动因素^[1]。IL-1 α 抑制前脂肪细胞分化和脂质积累^[2]。IL-1 α 诱导细胞凋亡并抑制成骨细胞分化^[3]。IL-1 α 通过 Myd88 激活启动并最终导致 NF-κB 诱导炎症基因转录的途径引发炎症^[4]。

IL-1 alpha (human) (.1-1 ng/mL) increases the IL-1-beta mRNA levels in EC derived from adult human saphenous vein in a concentration- and time-dependent manner, and induces the release of biologically active IL-1 from endothelial cell (EC)^[6].
IL-1 alpha (human) (-1 ng/mL; 6h) stimulates prostaglandin E2 and bone resorption in a dose-dependent manner^[7].

IL-1 alpha (1 µg/kg; i.p.) significantly increases the TG (triglyceride) level at 12 h in serum in C57BL/6J male mice^[2].

Measured in a cell proliferation assay using D10.G4.1 mouse helper T cells and the ED₅₀ is typically 0.2-1 ng/mL. Measured by its ability to induced Interferon gamma secretion by human natural killer lymphoma NK-92 cells and the ED₅₀ is 0.03 ug/mL.

Human

HEK293

Tag Free

P01583 (S113-A271)

3552  [NCBI]

Approximately 22 kDa

Greater than 90% as determined by reducing SDS-PAGE

无菌粉末.

Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution of 50 mM Tris, 100 mM NaCl, pH 8.0. Normally 5 % - 8 % trehalose, mannitol and 0.01% Tween 80 are added as protectants before lyophilization.

<1 EU/μg, determined by LAL method.

It is not recommended to reconstitute to a concentration less than 100 μg/mL in ddH₂O.

Stored at -20°C for 2 years. After reconstitution, it is stable at 4°C for 1 week or -20°C for longer (with carrier protein). It is recommended to freeze aliquots at -20°C or -80°C for extended storage.

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

• [1]. Cavalli G, et al. Interleukin 1α: a comprehensive review on the role of IL-1α in the pathogenesis and treatment of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. Autoimmun Rev. 2021 Mar;20(3):102763.  [Content Brief]

  [2]. Wu T, et al. Involvement of p38 and p42/44 MAP kinases and protein kinase C in the interferon-gamma and interleukin-1alpha-induced phosphorylation of 85-kDa cytosolic phospholipase A(2) in primary human bronchial epithelial cells. Cytokine. 2004 Jan 7;25(1):11-20.  [Content Brief]

  [3]. Um JY, et al. Functional polymorphism of IL-1 alpha and its potential role in obesity in humans and mice. PLoS One. 2011;6(12):e29524.  [Content Brief]

  [4]. Guo C, et al. IL-1α induces apoptosis and inhibits the osteoblast differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells through the JNK and p38 MAPK pathways. Int J Mol Med. 2016 Jul;38(1):319-27.  [Content Brief]

  [5]. Malik A,et al. Function and regulation of IL-1α in inflammatory diseases and cancer. Immunol Rev. 2018 Jan;281(1):124-137.  [Content Brief]