2. 诱导疾病模型产品 Immunology/Inflammation
  3. 免疫与炎症疾病模型 消化系统疾病模型 Toll-like Receptor (TLR)
  4. 关节炎模型 肝脏炎症模型 肝脏疾病模型
  5. Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O55:B5

Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O55:B5  (Synonyms: 脂多糖; LPS)

目录号: HY-D1056
COA 产品使用指南 技术支持

Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O55:B5 (LPS, from Escherichia coli (O55:B5)) 是从大肠杆菌 (E. coli O55:B5) 中提取的脂多糖内毒素和 TLR-4 激活剂，是一种 S (smooth) 型 LPS。Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O55:B5 具有典型的 3 部分结构：O 抗原、核心寡糖和脂质 A。Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O55:B5 激活免疫细胞的 TLR-4，具有高致热原性，以及剂量和血清型特异性。Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O55:B5 可用于诱导细胞炎症和动物炎症相关模型。
建议配制 ≥2 mg/mL 母液，由于 LPS 具有吸附特性，分装保存时需使用低吸附离心管。

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Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O55:B5 相关抗体

Top Publications Citing Use of Products

MCE 顾客使用本产品发表的 254 篇科研文献

Proliferation Assay
IF
WB
RT-PCR

    Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O55:B5 purchased from MCE. Usage Cited in: Adv Mater. 2024 May;36(19):e2311964.  [Abstract]

    Immunofluorescence staining and flow cytometry detection (&p = 0.0002) for SPP1 in macrophages stimulated in mimicking inflammatory microenvironments by LPS(100 ng mL; 16 h).

    Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O55:B5 purchased from MCE. Usage Cited in: Bioact Mater. 2024 Jul 23:41:221-238.  [Abstract]

    Lipopolysaccharide (LPS; 500 ng/mL, 24 h) significantly upregulates mRNA expression of M1 macrophage markers (NOS2, CD86, IL-1β, TNF-α) while suppressing M2 markers (Arg-1, CD206, IL-4, IL-10) in mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs).

    Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O55:B5 purchased from MCE. Usage Cited in: Bioact Mater. 2024 Jul 23:41:221-238.  [Abstract]

    Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (500 ng/mL, 24 h) combined with hypoxia stimulation significantly enhances CD86 (M1 marker) fluorescence intensity while reducing CD206 (M2 marker) expression in mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs).
    (A–D) Representative immunofluorescence staining and quantification of F4/80 (green) with CD86 (red) (A and B) or CD206 (red) (C and D), and nuclei (blue) on BMDMs treated with different treatment. Scale bar: 25 μm.

    Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O55:B5 purchased from MCE. Usage Cited in: Bioact Mater. 2024 Jul 23:41:221-238.  [Abstract]

    Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (500 ng/mL, 24 h) combined with hypoxia stimulation significantly upregulates protein levels of HIF-1α, NOS2, and CD86 while downregulating CD206 and Arg-1 in mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs).

    Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O55:B5 purchased from MCE. Usage Cited in: Cell Res. 2023 Jul 17.  [Abstract]

    Mannose has no effect on LPS and nigericin-induced GSDMD-mediated pyroptosis. THP-1 cells were primed with PMA (50 nM) for 36 hours, and then pretreated with mannose for 2 hours, followed by LPS (100 ng/ml) for 4 hours and finally by nigericin (10 μM) for 2 hours. Pyroptosis was detected.

    Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O55:B5 purchased from MCE. Usage Cited in: Adv Sci (Weinh). 2022 May 23;e2105650.  [Abstract]

    Western blot analysis of the phenotypic markers in LPS (1 µg/mL; 24 h)-stimulated macrophages.

    Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O55:B5 purchased from MCE. Usage Cited in: Adv Sci (Weinh). 2022 May 23;e2105650.  [Abstract]

    In LPS (1 µg/mL; 24 h)-stimulated macrophages, Representative fluorescence images of macrophage phenotypes after incubation with different pretreated neutrophils; iNOS (red), CD206 (green), and nuclei (blue).

    Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O55:B5 purchased from MCE. Usage Cited in: Biomater Res. 2022 Apr 25;26(1):15.  [Abstract]

    HUVECs ae induced with LPS 100 ng/mL for 24 h, then treated with PLCL-N, MPSS-loaded with 0.2 mg, 0.4 mg, 0.6 mg, 0.8 mg and 1 mg for another 24 h.

    Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O55:B5 purchased from MCE. Usage Cited in: Cell Death Dis. 2022 Jan 21;13(1):73.  [Abstract]

    Effect of NKAP on the U87MG cell sensitivity to Erastin (10 μM), iFSP1 (100 μM), SAS (500 μM), Rotenone (2.5 μM), 17-DMAG (300 nM), Staurosporine (1.5 μM), TMZ (200 μM), β-lapachone (2 μM), H2O2 (1‰), LPS (200 μg/mL), and Rapamycin (300 nM). All drug treatments are for 24 h.

    Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O55:B5 purchased from MCE. Usage Cited in: Sens Actuators B Chem. 15 December 2022, 132707.

    LPS is used as an external stimulus to induce •OH generation in the A549 and HeLa cell lines. Co-localization fluorescence imaging in A549 and HeLa cells using MTG and PY. Cells were incubated with LPS (10.0 μg/mL) for 24 h and then stained with MTG (500 nM) and PY (5.0 μM) for 30 min.

    Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O55:B5 purchased from MCE. Usage Cited in: Elife. 2022 May 4;11:e76707.  [Abstract]

    qPCR analysis for the expression of indicated genes in D40 fVBOrs treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (500 ng/mL; for 72 hr) without or with PLX5622 2 μM using DMSO as vehicle control.

    Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O55:B5 purchased from MCE. Usage Cited in: Front Immunol. 2022 Jun 10;13:859806.  [Abstract]

    BMDMs are planted on XF24-well seahorse plates at the density of 5 × 104 cells per well and stimulated with 100 ng/mL LPS and 20 ng/mL hIFN-γ for 48 hours.

    Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O55:B5 purchased from MCE. Usage Cited in: Adv Funct Mater. 10 March 2022.

    The effect of CaNP on BMDM recruitment of T cells. Left panel: BMDM-M2 treated with CaNP (35 µg/mL) and LPS (50 ng/mL)/IFN-γ (20 ng/mL) for 48 h are in the lower compartment. CD8+ T cells are in the upper compartment. Right panel: representative images of BMDM recruitment of T cells. CD8+ T cells were labeled with FITC.

    Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O55:B5 purchased from MCE. Usage Cited in: J Control Release. 2020 Jan 28;320:304-313.  [Abstract]

    Cells were differentiated to macrophages with PMA and then treated with 1 μg/mL LPS for 3 h.

    Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O55:B5 purchased from MCE. Usage Cited in: J Med Virol. 2020 Aug 10.  [Abstract]

    The results show Apigenin significantly decreased 3pRNA‐ but not poly I:C‐ and LPS (0.5 μg/mL)‐induced A549 cell death.

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    • 生物活性

    • 纯度 & 产品资料

    • 参考文献

    生物活性

    Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O55:B5 (LPS, from Escherichia coli (O55:B5)) are endotoxins and TLR4 activators extracted from Escherichia coli (E. coli O55:B5) and are classified as S (smooth) type LPS. Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O55:B5 possess the typical three-part structure: O-antigen, core oligosaccharide, and lipid A. Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O55:B5 activate TLR-4 in immune cells, exhibit high pyrogenicity, and demonstrate dose and serotype specificity. Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O55:B5 can be used to induce cellular inflammation and establish animal models related to inflammation[1][2][3][4][5][6][7].
    It is recommended to prepare a stock solution of ≥2 mg/mL. Due to the adsorption characteristics of LPS, low adsorption centrifuge tubes should be used for aliquoting and storage.

    IC50 & Target

    TLR4

     

    体外研究
    (In Vitro)

    Note:
    1. 为了保持 LPS 的完整性，建议将 LPS 溶液存放在硅烷化容器中。因为 LPS 可以粘附在塑料和某些类型的玻璃上，尤其是在浓度低于 0.1 mg/mL 时。如果 LPS 浓度超过 1 mg/mL，这种吸附作用相对较小，建议配制 ≥2 mg/mL 母液，并充分涡旋震荡 10 分钟以上，必要时辅助超声，保证充分混合溶解。如果使用玻璃容器，请确保使用前充分混合至少 30 分钟，以重新溶解任何吸附在管壁的 LPS。
    2. LPS 是一种能在溶液中形成不同尺寸胶束的分子，分子量不固定，储备液及工作液可直接配制成质量浓度 (mg/mL, μg/mL, etc.)。
    3. LPS 溶于水或 PBS 后可能会观察到均匀的浑浊溶液，如需过滤除菌，请勿直接过滤储备液，建议稀释成工作液之后用 0.22 μm 的滤膜过滤除菌。

    LPS 是革兰氏阴性细菌的主要毒性成分，可激活免疫系统的致病相关分子模式 (PAMP) 和诱导细胞分泌迁移体。LPS 可被 TLR4 识别并激活先天免疫系统，随后促进 NF-κB 的活化和促炎性细胞因子的产生，常用于免疫细胞的刺激、激活、分化实验。
    不同的种类细菌会表达不同的结构和生物活性的 LPS。LPS 一般分为两种构型：R (rough) 型和 S (smooth) 型。其中 S 型 LPS 包含典型的 3 部分结构：O-抗原 (O-antigen) (重复寡糖单位的血清特异性多糖)、核心寡糖 (core) (C9 型非重复低聚糖) 和脂质 A (Lipid A) (LPS 的毒性成分)。R 型则不包含 O-抗原，表达粗糙型 LPS。O-抗原的缺乏可影响免疫细胞识别 LPS 的过程。
    E. coli 055：B5 菌株表达的 LPS 是 LAL 试验中经常用作内毒素标准品的原型内毒素。Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O55:B5 具有高致热原性，常用于体外细胞活化。Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O55:B5 在小鼠巨噬细胞中产生促炎性细胞因子分泌[1]。

    1. 诱导细胞炎症模型[4][5]
    致病原理
    LPS 通过与细胞表面的 TLR4-MD-2 复合物结合，激活 MyD88 依赖和非依赖的信号通路，促使 NF-κB 等转录因子入核，引发炎症相关基因表达，致使细胞发生炎症反应。
    具体造模方法
    Cell: Macrophages, tumor cells, glial cells and so on.
    Administration: 0.1-10 μg/mL • 1-24 h
    Note
    (1) 在正式实验前，应根据细胞系和 LPS 来源等查找相关参考文献，进行浓度和时间梯度的筛选以确定最优的实验方案。
    (2) LPS 刺激细胞不一定会引起细胞死亡，因此不宜仅仅通过检测细胞活力来确定 LPS 造模浓度和时间，建议检测多个炎症因子的表达和分泌。
    (3) 在 LPS 刺激细胞的过程中，应定期观察细胞的形态变化，过高浓度可能引发细胞毒性，过低浓度则可能无法有效损伤细胞。
    (4) 一定浓度的 DMSO 可显著抑制 LPS 诱导的炎症反应，建议用 PBS 或 ddH2O 溶解。
    (5) 在体外炎症模型构建研究中，Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O55:B5 (HY-D1056) 和 Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O111:B4 (HY-D1056A1) 是应用最为广泛的 LPS，推荐使用！
    造模成功指标
    上清或细胞中炎症因子：IL-1β、IL-6 及 TNF-α 等分泌和表达增加。
    NO 释放增加。
    炎症基因：iNOS、NF-kB 及 NLRP3 等表达增加。
    同类产品： Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O111:B4 (HY-D1056A1)
    拮抗产品： /

    MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

    Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O55:B5 相关抗体:
    体内研究
    (In Vivo)

    Lipopolysaccharides (1.5 mg/kg；腹腔注射；一次) 可导致小鼠恶心和体温过低，并在成年雄性小鼠中引发更严重且更持久的恶心反应[3]。

    LPS 构建体内动物模型指南

    动物模型 推荐 LPS 类型 参考剂量和管理方式 (以小鼠为例) 推荐检测指标
    脓毒症 (休克) 模型 [PMID: 26440998; 27127234; 19529910] LPS, from E. coli O111:B4 (HY-D1056A1)
    LPS, from E. coli O55:B5 (HY-D1056)
    LPS, from E. coli O127:B8 (HY-D1056A2)    		 2.5-10 mg/kg；腹腔注射 炎性介质评估：TNF-α；IL-6；IL-1β 等 (ELISA 检测血清/血浆)。
    组织病理学评估：肾脏 HE 染色，肾小球细胞增生、上皮细胞变性坏死、间质炎症细胞浸润等。
    其它：血清 Scr、BUN (肾脏滤过功能 marker)。
    心脏功能障碍/心肌炎模型 [PMID: 32896106; 36593471] LPS, from E. coli O111:B4 (HY-D1056A1)
    LPS, from E. coli O55:B5 (HY-D1056)    		 10 mg/kg；腹腔注射 炎性介质评估：TNF-α；IL-6；IL-1β 等 (ELISA 检测血清/血浆)。
    组织病理学评估：心脏HE 染色，心肌纤维排列紊乱，心肌组织破坏，轮廓不清，心肌溶解、间质水肿、充血，炎性细胞浸润等。
    其它：心脏超声检测功能障碍。
    急性肺损伤模型 [PMID: 31595149; 26888116; 20975550] LPS, from E. coli O111:B4 (HY-D1056A1)
    LPS, from E. coli O55:B5 (HY-D1056)
    LPS, from Klebsiella pneumonia (HY-D1056B3)     		0.2-15 mg/kg；气管内给药 炎性介质评估：TNF-α；IL-6；IL-1β 等 (ELISA/qPCR 检测 BALF 或肺组织)。
    组织病理学评估：肺 HE 染色，肺泡内白细胞浸润，肺泡壁增厚，斑块状出血及间质水肿等。
    其它：肺干/湿比 (D/W ratio)。
    急性肝损伤模型 [PMID: 27127234; 36849063] LPS, from E. coli O111:B4 (HY-D1056A1)
    LPS, from E. coli O55:B5 (HY-D1056)     		5-50 μg/kg + D-GalN (200-400 mg/kg)； 腹腔注射 炎性介质评估：TNF-α；IL-6；IL-1β 等 (ELISA/qPCR检测血清/肝组织)。
    组织病理学评估：肝 HE 染色，肝结构紊乱、出血斑块，炎症细胞浸润等。
    其它：血清 ALT，AST (肝损伤 marker)。
    牙周炎模型 [PMID: 23167849; 27987467] LPS, from P. gingivalis (HY-D1056D)
    LPS, from E. coli O55:B5 (HY-D1056)     		4-10 μg；分 2-4 次； 口腔牙周组织注射 炎性介质评估：iNOS；COX-2；TNF-α；IL-6 等 (qPCR 检测牙龈组织)。
    组织病理学评估：牙龈/牙槽骨组织 HE 染色，炎症细胞浸润，胶原纤维束在组织-根界面附近分布松散。
    其它：牙龈组织免疫细胞数量（流式）。
    脑炎模型 [PMID: 35858866; PMID: 36240654] LPS, from E. coli O111:B4 (HY-D1056A1)
    LPS, from P. gingivalis (HY-D1056D)     		3-5 mg/kg；腹腔注射 炎性介质评估：IL-1β；IL-6；TNF-α 等 (qPCR/WB 检测脑/海马组织)。
    免疫荧光检测：IBA-1 (小胶质细胞 marker)；GFAP (星形胶质细胞 marker)；Siglec-E 等。
    抑郁症模型 [PMID: 31327964; 38677623] LPS, from E. coli O111:B4 (HY-D1056A1)
    LPS, from E. coli O55:B5 (HY-D1056)     		5-10 mg/kg；腹腔注射 炎性介质评估：IL-1β；NLRP3；Caspase-1 等 (qPCR/WB 检测海马/皮层)；IL-6；IL-1β；TNF-α 等 (ELISA 检测海马/皮层/血清)。
    免疫荧光检测：IBA-1；GFAP 等。
    行为学检测：尾悬实验和强迫游泳实验等：具有较长的不动时间，不动潜伏期缩短。
    帕金森模型 [PMID: 35065246; 30455692] LPS, from E. coli O111:B4 (HY-D1056A1)
    LPS, from P. gingivalis (HY-D1056D)     		2-5 μg； 黑质注射 炎性介质评估：iNOS；COX-2 等 (WB 检测黑质)；TNF-α；IL-1β；IL-6 等 (ELISA/qPCR 检测黑质)。
    免疫荧光检测：IBA-1；GFAP 等。
    行为学检测：旋转行为测试，转圈数明显增多；旷场实验，运动迟缓，对新环境探索欲降低，更倾向于在周边区域活动；转棒实验：停留时间缩短，掉落时间提前。
    其它：Cx43；酪氨酸羟化酶 (WB 检测黑质)。
    Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O55:B5 可用于诱导细胞和动物炎症相关模型，其中，动物模型包括脓毒症 (休克) 模型、心脏功能障碍/心肌炎模型、急性肺损伤模型、急性肝损伤模型、脑炎模型和抑郁症模型等。以下为几个模型举例：
    1. 诱导急性肺损伤模型[6]
    致病原理
    LPS 通过与细胞表面受体结合，激活炎症细胞释放大量炎症介质，引发炎症反应。炎症的过度激活导致肺组织损伤、肺水肿及肺功能障碍，从而建立急性肺损伤模型。
    具体造模方法：
    Mice: C57/BALB/c mice
    Administration: .2-15 mg/kg • intratracheal administration
    Note
    (1) 在 LPS 诱导动物模型前，应根据实验目的、动物类型等，查找相关参考文献，进行预实验，以确定最优的实验方案。
    (2) 在 LPS 给药后，不同的炎症因子，其含量峰值出现的时间点可能不一致，建议根据参考文献确定实验方案，以及预实验时应多选几个时间点检测。
    (3) LPS 需避光保存，并避免反复冻融。
    造模成功指标
    分子变化：BALF 或肺组织中 TNF-α；IL-6；IL-1β 等分泌和表达增加。
    组织形态变化：肺组织 HE 染色后出现肺泡内白细胞浸润，肺泡壁增厚，斑块状出血及间质水肿等。肺干/湿比 (D/W ratio) 下降。
    相关产品: Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O111:B4 (HY-D1056A1)
    拮抗产品: /
    2. 诱导心脏功能障碍/心肌炎模型[7]
    致病原理
    心脏功能障碍 (心肌炎) 是 LPS 诱导脓毒症的常见并发症。LPS 可激活炎症反应与氧化应激，引发心肌细胞损伤、凋亡及心脏纤维化，进而导致心脏功能障碍。
    具体造模方法：
    Mice: C57/ HsdWin:NMRI mice
    Administration: 10 mg/kg • i.p.
    造模成功指标
    心肌功能障碍：左心室缩短分数 (LVFS) 和左室射血分数 (LVEF) 显著降低，左心室收缩末期容积 (LVESV) 和收缩末期左心室内径 (LVESD) 显著增加。
    代谢变化：血清中 CK-MB、LDH、AST、TNF-α、IL-6、IL-1β 等水平升高。
    组织形态变化：心肌纤维排列紊乱，心肌组织破坏，轮廓不清，心肌溶解、间质水肿、充血，炎性细胞浸润等。
    同类产品：Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O111:B4 (HY-D1056A1)

    MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

    Animal Model: Female and male CD1 mice[3]
    Dosage: 1.5mg/kg
    Administration: Intraperitoneal injection, once
    Result: Induced sickness behavior in all mice, but adult mice displayed more sickness than pubertal mice and adult males remained sick for a longer period of time than adult females.
    Caused a decrease in body temperature for all mice, but this decrease was greatest in adult males.
    Increased pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines at various levels in pubertal and adult male and female mice, resulted in age and sex differences in cytokine concentrations following immune challenge.
    Only adult males and females treated with LPS displayed significantly more IL-6 than their saline controls, and pubertal males and females and adult females displayed significantly more IL-10 than their saline controls.
    All the mice displayed significantly more IL-12 and TNF-α than their saline controls.
    Clinical Trial
    性状

    固体

    颜色

    White to off-white

    中文名称

    脂多糖,来源于大肠杆菌O55:B5
    结构分类
    初始来源

    surface of Gram-negative bacteria
    运输条件

    Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
    储存方式
    Powder -20°C 3 years
    4°C 2 years
    In solvent -80°C 6 months
    -20°C 1 month
    溶解性数据
    细胞实验： 

    H2O 中的溶解度 : 5 mg/mL (超声助溶; DMSO can inactivate Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O55:B5's activity)

    • 摩尔计算器

    • 稀释计算器

    Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

    质量
    =
    浓度
    ×
    体积
    ×
    分子量 *

    Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

    This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

    浓度 (start)

    C1

    ×
    体积 (start)

    V1

    =
    浓度 (final)

    C2

    ×
    体积 (final)

    V2

    动物实验：

    以下溶解方案，请直接配制工作液。建议现用现配，在短期内尽快用完。 以下溶剂前显示的百分比是指该溶剂在您配制终溶液中的体积占比； 如在配制过程中出现沉淀、析出现象，可以通过加热和/或超声的方式助溶。

    • 方案 一

      请依序添加每种溶剂： PBS

      Solubility: 8.33 mg/mL; 澄清溶液; 超声助溶 (<60°C)

    动物溶解方案计算器
    请输入动物实验的基本信息：

    给药剂量

    mg/kg

    动物的平均体重

    g

    每只动物的给药体积

    μL

    动物数量

    只
    由于实验过程有损耗，建议您多配一只动物的量
    计算结果
    工作液所需浓度 : mg/mL
    您所需的储备液浓度超过该产品的实测溶解度，如有需要，请与 MCE 中国技术支持联系。
    纯度 & 产品资料

    COA (255 KB)

    产品使用指南 (1538 KB)
    参考文献

    Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O55:B5 相关分类

    Help & FAQs
    • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

      Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

    Keywords:

    Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O55:B5LPS脂多糖,来源于大肠杆菌O55:B5Toll-like Receptor (TLR)EscherichiacoliO55:B5endotoxinGram-negativeimmunogenic antigenimmuneTNF-αhypothermiacytokinesInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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