1. 诱导疾病模型产品 Immunology/Inflammation Vitamin D Related/Nuclear Receptor Autophagy Anti-infection
  2. 内分泌与代谢疾病模型 神经系统疾病模型 心血管系统疾病模型 Glucocorticoid Receptor SARS-CoV Autophagy Complement System Mitophagy Bacterial Antibiotic
  3. 肌肉萎缩模型 抑郁症模型 高血压模型
  4. Dexamethasone

Dexamethasone  (Synonyms: 地塞米松; Hexadecadrol; Prednisolone F)

目录号: HY-14648 纯度: 99.86%
COA 产品使用指南

Dexamethasone (Hexadecadrol) 是糖皮质激素受体 (glucocorticoid receptor) 激动剂、凋亡诱导剂,和常见的实验动物的疾病诱导剂,可构建肌肉萎缩、高血压和抑郁模型。Dexamethasone 可抑制巨噬细胞中炎性 miRNA-155 外泌体的产生,显著降低中性粒细胞以及单核细胞的炎症因子表达。Dexamethasone 还有潜力用于 COVID-19 的研究。

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Dexamethasone Chemical Structure

Dexamethasone Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 50-02-2

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Top Publications Citing Use of Products

MCE 顾客使用本产品发表的 117 篇科研文献

WB
IF
Proliferation Assay
RT-PCR

    Dexamethasone purchased from MCE. Usage Cited in: Carbohydr Polym. 1 January 2023, 120179.

    Immunofluorescence analysis of Itgb2 in Dexamethasone (100 nM; for 1 hour)-treated MODE-K cells.

    Dexamethasone purchased from MCE. Usage Cited in: Carbohydr Polym. 1 January 2023, 120179.

    mRNA levels of Itgb2 in Dexamethasone (100 nM; for 1 hour)-treated MODE-K cells.

    Dexamethasone purchased from MCE. Usage Cited in: Carbohydr Polym. 1 January 2023, 120179.

    Western blotting analysis of Itgb2 levels in Dexamethasone (100 nM; for 1 hour)-treated MODE-K cells.

    Dexamethasone purchased from MCE. Usage Cited in: J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle. 2022 Aug;13(4):2017-2030.  [Abstract]

    qRT‐PCR results show that DEX (DEX; 25 μg/g ; once a day; for 10 days)-induced myotube atrophy can increase the expression levels of MuRF1, Atrogin‐1, FoxO3a, SYISL, and miR‐205‐5p, decrease the expression levels of miR‐23a‐3p and miR‐103‐3p, but does not affect the expression level of SYNPO2.

    Dexamethasone purchased from MCE. Usage Cited in: J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle. 2022 Aug;13(4):2017-2030.  [Abstract]

    Western blotting results show that SYISL overexpression can further promote protein ubiquitination levels in Dexamethasone (DEX; 25 μg/g ; once a day; for 10 days)-induced muscular atrophy. Muscle atrophy is induced by intraperitoneal injection of DEX for 10 days in 3‐month‐old wild‐type and KO mice, respectively.

    Dexamethasone purchased from MCE. Usage Cited in: J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle. 2022 Aug;13(4):2017-2030.  [Abstract]

    Representative photographs of H&E and Lamin immunofluorescence staining for WT and KO TA muscles. Quantification of five independent experiments shows that knockout of SYISL alleviates muscle weight loss caused by Dexamethasone (DEX; 25 μg/g ; once a day; for 10 days)-induced muscle atrophy.

    Dexamethasone purchased from MCE. Usage Cited in: Oncogene. 2021 Sep;40(35):5367-5378.  [Abstract]

    The GR expression of 4T1 cells treated with Dexamethasone (100 nM)/Mifepristone for 48 h.

    Dexamethasone purchased from MCE. Usage Cited in: Oncogene. 2021 Sep;40(35):5367-5378.  [Abstract]

    4T1 cells are treated with Dexamethasone (Dex; 100 nM)/GSK650394 in vitro for 48 h before inoculation via intravenous injection.

    Dexamethasone purchased from MCE. Usage Cited in: Oncogene. 2021 Sep;40(35):5367-5378.  [Abstract]

    For in situ treatment in the 4T1 tumor model, Dexamethasone (Dex; 3 mg/kg) is performed every three days by gavage twice/day. The expression of Nedd4l, p-Nedd4l, Smad2 and p-Smad2 after SGK1 knockout.

    Dexamethasone purchased from MCE. Usage Cited in: Oncogene. 2021 Sep;40(35):5367-5378.  [Abstract]

    The migration assay of 4T1 cells in different condition. 4T1 cells were pretreated with 100 nM Dexamethasone (Dex) for 48 h and then are used for Transwell.

    Dexamethasone purchased from MCE. Usage Cited in: Br J Pharmacol. 2021 Aug;178(15):2976-2997.  [Abstract]

    Primary microglial cells incubated with Protopanaxadiol (100 μM), Dexamethasone (100 nM) or Dexamethasone-BSA (10 nM) show remarkable dynorphin A expression. Pretreatment with Dexamethasone-21-mesylate for 0.5 h completely abolished Protopanaxadiol-, Dexamethasone- or Dexamethasone-BSA-stimulated dynorphin A expression.

    Dexamethasone purchased from MCE. Usage Cited in: Biomaterials. 2020 Feb;232:119730.  [Abstract]

    Raw264.7 cells are treated with various concentrations of blank NPs, free Dexamethasone (Dex), Dex/Oxi-αCD NPs, or Dex/FA-Oxi-αCD NPs for 24 h, the optical density values at 450 nm were measured and the cell viability was determined by CCK-8 assay.

    Dexamethasone purchased from MCE. Usage Cited in: Biomaterials. 2020 Feb;232:119730.  [Abstract]

    Western blot analysis of iRhom2, TNF-α, and BAFF expression in Raw264.7 cells treated with various concentrations of blank NPs, free Dexamethasone (Dex), Dex/Oxi-αCD NPs, or Dex/FA-Oxi-αCD NPs for 24 h.

    Dexamethasone purchased from MCE. Usage Cited in: Biomaterials. 2020 Feb;232:119730.  [Abstract]

    Raw264.7 cells are treated with various concentrations of blank NPs, free Dexamethasone (Dex), Dex/Oxi-αCD NPs, or Dex/FA-Oxi-αCD NPs for 24 h, mRNA level of iRhom2 in Raw264.7 cells is detected by quantitative real-time PCR. Data are presented by the relative amount of mRNA normalized by GAPDH.

    Dexamethasone purchased from MCE. Usage Cited in: Biomaterials. 2020 Feb;232:119730.  [Abstract]

    Raw264.7 macrophages induced with LPS (1 μg/mL) for 6 h. Then cellular uptake of Cy5-labeled Dexamethasone (Dex)/OxiαCD NPs or Dex/FA-Oxi-αCD NPs is assessed using confocal laser scanning microscopy at various times.

    Dexamethasone purchased from MCE. Usage Cited in: Biochem Pharmacol. 2020 Oct;180:114145.  [Abstract]

    Translocation of FoxO3 after treatment with S-Rg3 in DEX-treated C2C12 myotubes was investigated by immunofluorescence staining.

    Dexamethasone purchased from MCE. Usage Cited in: Biochem Pharmacol. 2020 Oct;180:114145.  [Abstract]

    After C2C12 myotubes are incubated with Dexamethasone (DEX) and S-Rg3 for 24 h, myotube levels of MuRF1 and atrogin-1 are detected using Western blot analysis.
    • 生物活性

    • 实验参考方法

    • 纯度 & 产品资料

    • 参考文献

    生物活性

    Dexamethasone (Hexadecadrol) is a glucocorticoid receptor agonist, apoptosis inducer, and common disease inducer in experimental animals, constructing models of muscle atrophy, hypertension, and depression. Dexamethasone can inhibit the production of inflammatory miRNA-155 exosomes in macrophages and significantly reduce the expression of inflammatory factors in neutrophils and monocytes. Dexamethasone also has potential for use in COVID-19 research[1][2][3][4].

    IC50 & Target

    Glucocorticoid receptor[1]

    体外研究
    (In Vitro)

    Dexamethasone (Hexadecadrol) 调节多种转录因子,包括激活蛋白-1、核因子-AT 和核因子-kB,从而激活和抑制参与炎症反应的关键基因[1]
    Dexamethasone 有效抑制 A549 细胞释放粒细胞-巨噬细胞集落刺激因子 (GM-CSF),EC50 为 2.2 nM。Dexamethasone (EC50=36 nM) 诱导 β2 受体的转录被发现与糖皮质激素受体 (GR) DNA 结合相关,发生率高 10-100 倍浓度高于抑制 GM-CSF 释放。Dexamethasone (IC50=0.5 nM) 抑制 3×κB (NF-κB、IκBα 和 I-κBβ),这与抑制 GM-CSF 释放有关[2]

    MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

    体内研究
    (In Vivo)

    根据 Dexamethasone (DEX) 的血液和多组织浓度-时间曲线,发现其组织分布没有重大性别差异。血细胞与血浆分配 (0.664) 和血浆游离分数 (0.175) 中等,广泛分布在肝脏中 (Kp=6.76)。可能是由于 P-糖蛋白介导的外流,与预期的高渗透性相比,大脑中 DEX 的浓度非常低[5]
    Dexamethasone (DEX) 可用于动物建模,构建肌肉萎缩、高血压和抑郁模型。
    1. 诱导肌肉萎缩[6][7]
    致病原理
    糖皮质激素是骨骼肌蛋白降解和上调泛素蛋白酶体途径的重要介质。Dexamethasone 通过结合糖皮质激素受体诱导胫骨前肌蛋白降解,导致肌肉萎缩。
    具体造模方法:
    Mice: C57BL/6 • male • 6-week-old
    Administration: 5 mg/kg • ip • once daily for 2 weeks
    造模成功指标
    分子变化:指标增加项--C2C12 泛素连接酶、MuRF1、Atrogin-1、Cbl-b、p-Foxo1、p-Foxo3a。其他--导致 C 肌管蛋白降解。糖皮质激素受体易位至细胞核。
    表型观测:前肌、腓肠肌、股四头肌和比目鱼肌测重减少。骨骼肌与体重的比值下降。
    同类产品 Betamethasone (HY-13570)
    拮抗产品 Glabridin (HY-N0393)
    2. 诱导高血压[8][9]
    致病原理
    诱发高血压 (HT) 的潜在机制尚不清楚。
    具体造模方法:
    Rat: Sprague-Dawley • Male • 200-300 g
    Administration: 20 μg • sc • once daily from days 5 to 16 • control rats: saline with 0.1 mL/100 g/day from days 1 to 16 (po) or 0.2 mL/rat/day (sc).
    Dog: 10.1-19.1 kg • average=13.7 kg
    Administration: 0.5 mg/kg • po • once daily for 10 days
    造模成功指标
    血流动力学:中枢血流动力学中 MAP、收缩压、舒张压、TPR 水平升高。总外周阻力、血压、心房钠尿肽以及对去甲肾上腺素的升压反应在全身和肾脏血流动力学中显着增加。
    行为观测:犬表现出明显的排钠利尿作用。
    3. 诱导抑郁行为[10][11]
    致病原理
    星形胶质细胞是重度抑郁症 (MD) 的一个关键特征,糖皮质激素表达减少会导致星形胶质细胞数量减少。 长期使用 Dexamethasone 处理会导致啮齿类动物出现一系列类似抑郁症的症状。
    具体造模方法:
    Rat: Sprague-Dawley • Male • 200-250 g
    Administration: 1 mg/kg • po • once daily every other day for 5 months
    Note
    (1) 制备 3% (w/v) 处理溶液,并通过 0.45 μm 醋酸纤维素过滤器过滤。
    (2) 开始处理前 4 天,老鼠不应该接触除此之外的任何其他水源。
    (3) 第 4 天,将处理液换成水,喂食 3 天,使小鼠暂时恢复。第 7 天称重并进行行为实验。
    Mice: C57BL/6 • Male • 9-10 weeks old • 23-25 g
    Administration: 4 mg/kg • ip • once dailly for 21 days
    造模成功指标
    代谢变化:大鼠血清皮质醇水平 ↑。
    行为观测:强迫游泳测试(FST)期间的不动时间 ↑。蔗糖偏好测试中对蔗糖的偏好 ↓。
    拮抗产品 Amitriptyline (HY-B0527)

    MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

    Clinical Trial
    分子量

    392.46

    Formula

    C22H29FO5

    CAS 号
    性状

    固体

    颜色

    White to off-white

    中文名称

    地塞米松

    运输条件

    Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

    储存方式

    4°C, protect from light

    *In solvent : -80°C, 1 years; -20°C, 6 months (protect from light)

    溶解性数据
    In Vitro: 

    DMSO 中的溶解度 : 250 mg/mL (637.01 mM; 超声助溶 (<60°C); 吸湿的 DMSO 对产品的溶解度有显著影响,请使用新开封的 DMSO)

    Ethanol 中的溶解度 : 8.33 mg/mL (21.23 mM; 超声助溶)

    配制储备液
    浓度 溶剂体积 质量 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
    1 mM 2.5480 mL 12.7402 mL 25.4803 mL
    5 mM 0.5096 mL 2.5480 mL 5.0961 mL
    查看完整储备液配制表

    * 请根据产品在不同溶剂中的溶解度选择合适的溶剂配制储备液;一旦配成溶液,请分装保存,避免反复冻融造成的产品失效
    储备液的保存方式和期限:-80°C, 1 years; -20°C, 6 months (protect from light)。-80°C储存时,请在1年内使用, -20°C储存时,请在6个月内使用。

    • 摩尔计算器

    • 稀释计算器

    Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

    质量
    =
    浓度
    ×
    体积
    ×
    分子量 *

    Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

    This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

    浓度 (start)

    C1

    ×
    体积 (start)

    V1

    =
    浓度 (final)

    C2

    ×
    体积 (final)

    V2

    In Vivo:

    请根据您的 实验动物和给药方式 选择适当的溶解方案。

    以下溶解方案都请先按照 In Vitro 方式配制澄清的储备液,再依次添加助溶剂:
    ——为保证实验结果的可靠性,澄清的储备液可以根据储存条件,适当保存;体内实验的工作液,建议您现用现配,当天使用
    以下溶剂前显示的百分比是指该溶剂在您配制终溶液中的体积占比;如在配制过程中出现沉淀、析出现象,可以通过加热和/或超声的方式助溶

    • 方案 一

      请依序添加每种溶剂: 5% DMSO    95% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

      Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (6.37 mM); 澄清溶液

    • 方案 二

      请依序添加每种溶剂: 10% DMSO    40% PEG300    5% Tween-80    45% Saline

      Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (5.30 mM); 澄清溶液

      此方案可获得 ≥ 2.08 mg/mL(饱和度未知)的澄清溶液。

      1 mL 工作液为例,取 100 μL 20.8 mg/mL 的澄清 DMSO 储备液加到 400 μL PEG300 中,混合均匀;再向上述体系中加入 50 μL Tween-80,混合均匀;然后再继续加入 450 μL 生理盐水 定容至 1 mL

      生理盐水的配制:将 0.9 g 氯化钠,溶解于 ddH₂O 并定容至 100 mL,可以得到澄清透明的生理盐水溶液。

    以下溶解方案,请直接配置工作液。建议现用现配,在短期内尽快用完。 以下溶剂前显示的百分比是指该溶剂在您配制终溶液中的体积占比; 如在配制过程中出现沉淀、析出现象,可以通过加热和/或超声的方式助溶。

    • 方案 一

      请依序添加每种溶剂: 0.5% CMC-Na/saline water

      Solubility: 18.18 mg/mL (46.32 mM); 悬浊液; 超声助溶

    动物溶解方案计算器
    请输入动物实验的基本信息:

    给药剂量

    mg/kg

    动物的平均体重

    g

    每只动物的给药体积

    μL

    动物数量

    由于实验过程有损耗,建议您多配一只动物的量
    请输入您的动物体内配方组成:
    %
    DMSO +
    +
    %
    Tween-80 +
    %
    Saline
    如果您的动物是免疫缺陷鼠或者体弱鼠,建议 DMSO 中的在最后工作液体系中的占比尽量不超过 2%。
    方案所需 助溶剂 包括:DMSO ,均可在 MCE 网站选购。 Tween 80,均可在 MCE 网站选购。
    计算结果
    工作液所需浓度 : mg/mL
    储备液配制方法 : mg 药物溶于 μL  DMSO(母液浓度为 mg/mL)。

    *In solvent : -80°C, 1 years; -20°C, 6 months (protect from light)

    您所需的储备液浓度超过该产品的实测溶解度,以下方案仅供参考,如有需要,请与 MCE 中国技术支持联系。
    动物实验体内工作液的配制方法 : 取 μL DMSO 储备液,加入 μL  μL ,混合均匀至澄清,再加 μL Tween 80,混合均匀至澄清,再加 μL 生理盐水
    连续给药周期超过半月以上,请谨慎选择该方案。
    请确保第一步储备液溶解至澄清状态,从左到右依次添加助溶剂。您可采用超声加热 (超声清洗仪,建议频次 20-40 kHz),涡旋吹打等方式辅助溶解。
    纯度 & 产品资料

    纯度: 99.86%

    参考文献
    Animal Administration
    [3][4]

    Mice[3]
    Female C57Bl/6JBom mice (age 10-12 weeks) are used in all experiments. Dexamethasone is administered as a single injection of 1 or 10 mg/kg. Dexamethasone is dissolved in saline and 400 μL are injected intraperitoneally, either 1 h before or 1 h after LPS exposure. In one experiment, N-acetylcysteine (NAC) (100 and 500 mg/kg) is injected successively every 4•5 h, starting 1 h before challenge (five injections in total). A control group of LPS-exposed animals are injected intraperitoneally with solvent alone (saline). Intratracheal administration is performed by instillation of 100 μL NAC (50, 100 or 500 mg/kg) or Dexamethasone (10 mg/kg) into the lungs of mice.
    Rats[4]
    Male Sprague-Dawley rats are used.Dexamethasone-treated rats are injected intraperitoneally once daily with Dexamethasone (1.5 mg/kg body weight) for 5 days and are allowed to feed ad libitum. The Dexamethasone dose (1.5 mg/kg/day) and the duration of treatment (5 days) are specifically chosen as this treatment induced a reproducible and marked catabolic state. Control rats received no treatment and are fed ad libitum. In order to take into account the decrease in food intake induced by Dexamethasone treatment, a third group of pair-fed rats are used. These rats are provided with the same amount of food as Dexamethasone-injected rats and are treated with a daily isovolumic intraperitoneal injection of NaCl (0.9%) for 5 days. After the final injection of Dexamethasone or NaCl, the animals are fasted overnight prior to being killed by decapitation.

    MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

    参考文献

    完整储备液配制表

    * 请根据产品在不同溶剂中的溶解度选择合适的溶剂配制储备液;一旦配成溶液,请分装保存,避免反复冻融造成的产品失效
    储备液的保存方式和期限:-80°C, 1 years; -20°C, 6 months (protect from light)。-80°C储存时,请在1年内使用, -20°C储存时,请在6个月内使用。

    可选溶剂 浓度 溶剂体积 质量 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
    Ethanol / DMSO 1 mM 2.5480 mL 12.7402 mL 25.4803 mL 63.7008 mL
    5 mM 0.5096 mL 2.5480 mL 5.0961 mL 12.7402 mL
    10 mM 0.2548 mL 1.2740 mL 2.5480 mL 6.3701 mL
    15 mM 0.1699 mL 0.8493 mL 1.6987 mL 4.2467 mL
    20 mM 0.1274 mL 0.6370 mL 1.2740 mL 3.1850 mL
    DMSO 25 mM 0.1019 mL 0.5096 mL 1.0192 mL 2.5480 mL
    30 mM 0.0849 mL 0.4247 mL 0.8493 mL 2.1234 mL
    40 mM 0.0637 mL 0.3185 mL 0.6370 mL 1.5925 mL
    50 mM 0.0510 mL 0.2548 mL 0.5096 mL 1.2740 mL
    60 mM 0.0425 mL 0.2123 mL 0.4247 mL 1.0617 mL
    80 mM 0.0319 mL 0.1593 mL 0.3185 mL 0.7963 mL
    100 mM 0.0255 mL 0.1274 mL 0.2548 mL 0.6370 mL
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